1
00:01:00,600 --> 00:01:03,200
<i>Mount Everest...</i>

2
00:01:03,700 --> 00:01:07,200
<i>Twenty-nine thousand feet...</i>

3
00:01:07,200 --> 00:01:12,800
<i>The highest point on Earth...</i>

4
00:01:13,000 --> 00:01:15,100
<i>Captivating and deadly.</i>

5
00:01:16,800 --> 00:01:19,700
<i>In the 1920s,
to conquer this mountain</i>

6
00:01:19,700 --> 00:01:24,100
<i>was the greatest challenge remaining
in a golden age of adventure.</i>

7
00:01:27,500 --> 00:01:30,700
<i>Everest was the edge of heaven,</i>

8
00:01:30,700 --> 00:01:34,600
<i>where many believed
no human could survive.</i>

9
00:01:36,700 --> 00:01:39,000
<i>But not George Mallory.</i>

10
00:02:02,000 --> 00:02:08,200
"Everest is the last
great conquest for man...

11
00:02:08,200 --> 00:02:10,900
The Wildest Dream."

12
00:02:25,500 --> 00:02:29,800
<i>George Mallory dreamed of being
the first man to climb Everest.</i>

13
00:02:29,900 --> 00:02:33,100
<i>On June 8, 1924,</i>

14
00:02:33,100 --> 00:02:36,600
<i>dressed in gabardine
and hobnailed boots,</i>

15
00:02:36,600 --> 00:02:39,500
<i>he and his fellow climber,
Sandy Irvine,</i>

16
00:02:39,600 --> 00:02:42,900
<i>were last seen
800 feet below the summit.</i>

17
00:02:46,800 --> 00:02:50,300
<i>Then the clouds rolled in...</i>

18
00:02:50,500 --> 00:02:52,900
<i>They were never seen alive again.</i>

19
00:02:56,000 --> 00:03:02,000
<i>Many believed that almost 30 years
before Everest was officially conquered,</i>

20
00:03:02,100 --> 00:03:06,800
<i>George Mallory was the first man
to set foot on the top of the world.</i>

21
00:03:32,100 --> 00:03:36,000
<i>Seventy-five years after
Mallory and Irvine vanished,</i>

22
00:03:36,000 --> 00:03:39,800
<i>mountaineer Conrad Anker
took part in an expedition</i>

23
00:03:39,900 --> 00:03:42,800
<i>looking for their bodies
high on Everest.</i>

24
00:03:45,600 --> 00:03:47,300
Conrad, come in please.

25
00:03:48,900 --> 00:03:52,100
I'm down at 26,7 - over.

26
00:03:53,600 --> 00:03:55,200
<i>Anker struck off on his own.</i>

27
00:03:56,600 --> 00:03:58,700
Conrad, you're way below
the search zone.

28
00:03:58,700 --> 00:04:00,000
You need to be higher - over.

29
00:04:01,600 --> 00:04:03,200
I was curious.

30
00:04:03,300 --> 00:04:06,600
I stopped, turned around...

31
00:04:06,600 --> 00:04:09,800
and there was a patch of white.

32
00:04:09,900 --> 00:04:13,100
It wasn't snow; it was matte -

33
00:04:13,200 --> 00:04:18,400
a light-absorbing color, like marble.

34
00:04:30,200 --> 00:04:36,100
As I got closer,
I realized this was the body

35
00:04:36,200 --> 00:04:38,800
of one of the pioneering
English climbers,

36
00:04:38,800 --> 00:04:41,100
frozen onto the mountainside.

37
00:04:46,700 --> 00:04:49,100
For a moment I thought...

38
00:04:49,200 --> 00:04:53,900
maybe I can just keep walking
and keep it to myself.

39
00:04:58,700 --> 00:05:02,300
But then,
that's what we were there for.

40
00:05:07,300 --> 00:05:10,000
Group Meeting.

41
00:05:10,100 --> 00:05:13,000
Mandatory group meeting - over.

42
00:05:37,300 --> 00:05:40,100
Here, wait!
This is George Mallory!

43
00:05:41,000 --> 00:05:43,900
<i>Oh, my God!
Oh, my God!</i>

44
00:05:44,800 --> 00:05:47,200
You see that?
George Mallory.

45
00:05:47,200 --> 00:05:49,100
<i>Oh, my God!</i>

46
00:06:07,000 --> 00:06:08,500
George Mallory and I -

47
00:06:08,700 --> 00:06:14,400
our two paths have intersected
75 years apart.

48
00:06:20,300 --> 00:06:27,300
My aunt called me and said
in a rather small voice on the phone:

49
00:06:27,400 --> 00:06:32,800
"Suzie, they've found
my father's body on Mount Everest."

50
00:06:32,800 --> 00:06:34,900
I was amazed,

51
00:06:34,900 --> 00:06:36,500
I was absolutely shocked.

52
00:06:38,000 --> 00:06:41,000
It was very powerful to know

53
00:06:41,100 --> 00:06:46,000
where my grandfather was
and how he died.

54
00:06:49,100 --> 00:06:53,500
He had a compound fracture
of his right leg, above the ankle -

55
00:06:53,800 --> 00:06:56,400
fatal on Everest.

56
00:06:56,400 --> 00:07:00,000
His arms were outstretched
as if he had tried

57
00:07:00,100 --> 00:07:02,900
to dig his fingers
into the side of the mountain.

58
00:07:05,800 --> 00:07:08,300
He was last seen up on the ridge,

59
00:07:08,300 --> 00:07:11,000
heading west for the summit.

60
00:07:11,100 --> 00:07:14,000
But I found him far to the east.

61
00:07:14,100 --> 00:07:16,400
So Mallory was on his way back,

62
00:07:16,400 --> 00:07:19,600
maybe returning
from the summit itself.

63
00:07:30,100 --> 00:07:33,900
His sun goggles,
vital against the glare from the snow,

64
00:07:34,000 --> 00:07:35,600
were in his pocket.

65
00:07:35,800 --> 00:07:38,100
So it must have been getting dark.

66
00:07:44,200 --> 00:07:48,500
He and Irvine were tied together
by a thin cotton rope.

67
00:07:57,300 --> 00:08:02,600
They were tired, absolutely beat,
no energy left,

68
00:08:02,800 --> 00:08:04,900
minds not functioning clearly.

69
00:08:45,400 --> 00:08:49,100
Mallory crossed his left leg
over the broken one

70
00:08:49,200 --> 00:08:51,300
to ease the pain.

71
00:08:53,300 --> 00:08:56,000
It was a matter of minutes,

72
00:08:56,000 --> 00:08:59,000
a half hour at the very most,

73
00:08:59,000 --> 00:09:01,100
before he died.

74
00:09:13,500 --> 00:09:15,700
Did Mallory reach the summit

75
00:09:15,900 --> 00:09:20,100
almost three decades
before the first official climb?

76
00:09:24,900 --> 00:09:29,400
We discovered
many things on his body...

77
00:09:29,500 --> 00:09:35,200
Documents and letters
perfectly preserved 75 years later.

78
00:09:35,200 --> 00:09:40,400
His wristwatch,
rusted in at 10 after 5.

79
00:09:40,500 --> 00:09:44,700
The goggles that were
inside of his vest.

80
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An altimeter - the face broken
and the hands missing.

81
00:09:51,300 --> 00:09:54,500
But one very significant item
was missing:

82
00:09:54,600 --> 00:09:57,200
The photo of his wife Ruth,

83
00:09:57,200 --> 00:09:59,500
which he'd promised
to leave on the summit.

84
00:10:02,300 --> 00:10:03,700
<i>Was the photo missing</i>

85
00:10:04,000 --> 00:10:07,200
<i>because Mallory had
reached the summit and placed it there -</i>

86
00:10:07,200 --> 00:10:10,200
<i>the ultimate tribute to his love of Ruth?</i>

87
00:10:16,200 --> 00:10:20,000
<i>He was last seen
about 800 feet below the summit,</i>

88
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<i>near the notoriously difficult
Second Step.</i>

89
00:10:28,100 --> 00:10:31,600
If Mallory was able
to make it to the summit in 1924,

90
00:10:31,700 --> 00:10:35,800
he and Irvine would have had
to have climbed this overhanging cliff

91
00:10:36,000 --> 00:10:37,700
at about 28,000 feet.

92
00:10:40,300 --> 00:10:44,600
<i>There's never been a confirmed
free climb of the Second Step.</i>

93
00:10:44,700 --> 00:10:46,400
<i>Everyone who climbs it today</i>

94
00:10:46,400 --> 00:10:49,100
<i>uses a metal ladder
bolted to the rock</i>

95
00:10:49,100 --> 00:10:52,100
<i>by Chinese climbers in 1975.</i>

96
00:10:54,300 --> 00:10:56,500
I want to go back to Everest

97
00:10:56,600 --> 00:10:59,800
to try and climb
the Second Step,

98
00:11:00,000 --> 00:11:03,400
under the very same conditions
Mallory faced.

99
00:11:05,700 --> 00:11:10,700
It was a pure cliff
when Mallory and Irvine approached it.

100
00:11:10,700 --> 00:11:12,800
No one had ever been there.

101
00:11:13,000 --> 00:11:16,700
It would have been
an incredible feat of climbing

102
00:11:16,700 --> 00:11:18,800
if they had pulled that off.

103
00:11:25,200 --> 00:11:28,800
Adventure, risk...

104
00:11:29,100 --> 00:11:31,400
There are some people
that thrive on it,

105
00:11:31,400 --> 00:11:32,800
that seek it out,

106
00:11:33,100 --> 00:11:35,500
they want to
push their own limits.

107
00:11:39,100 --> 00:11:41,300
Mallory is one of those people.

108
00:11:49,100 --> 00:11:51,800
Mallory grew up in Cheshire,
Northern England.

109
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He made his first fateful climb
in Mobberley, his home village.

110
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Mallory's father was a vicar
here at this church.

111
00:12:09,400 --> 00:12:12,400
And it was here that
the young boy escaped

112
00:12:12,400 --> 00:12:18,300
and climbed to the top
of the church - age seven.

113
00:12:18,400 --> 00:12:20,900
You can imagine that...

114
00:12:22,400 --> 00:12:27,900
Finding climbing,
it's his true passion in life.

115
00:12:50,300 --> 00:12:52,800
I actually think that
some people who climb

116
00:12:52,800 --> 00:12:56,200
are wired a little differently
from the rest of us.

117
00:12:56,300 --> 00:12:59,800
My grandfather really didn't
feel fear of heights

118
00:12:59,800 --> 00:13:04,900
or precipices or anything like that.

119
00:13:05,200 --> 00:13:10,700
He had a way of climbing that was
not quite like everyone else's.

120
00:13:10,800 --> 00:13:13,800
His arms and legs would
just sort of eat up a mountain

121
00:13:13,900 --> 00:13:17,700
and he would start
flowing over it like a wave.

122
00:13:22,600 --> 00:13:26,500
<i>Aged 19, Mallory entered
the University of Cambridge</i>

123
00:13:26,600 --> 00:13:29,600
<i>at a time of great cultural upheaval.</i>

124
00:13:32,600 --> 00:13:35,400
When Mallory arrived
in Cambridge in 1905

125
00:13:35,500 --> 00:13:38,900
he pitched into this ferment
and bubble of ideas,

126
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excitement, intellectual,
sexual, social, secret societies.

127
00:13:45,800 --> 00:13:49,000
He obviously possessed
some remarkable charisma,

128
00:13:49,200 --> 00:13:52,300
sort of charmed presence
that drew the eye,

129
00:13:52,300 --> 00:13:54,200
compelled the gaze.

130
00:13:58,200 --> 00:14:02,400
"My mind is in a state
of constant rebellion.

131
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I believe that will always be so."

132
00:14:06,200 --> 00:14:09,800
He was a dreamer...

133
00:14:09,900 --> 00:14:15,300
And he was in Cambridge at a time
of great and powerful dreaming.

134
00:14:15,400 --> 00:14:19,300
And eventually that dream
took its form in the shape of Everest.

135
00:14:23,600 --> 00:14:26,900
<i>This was the golden age of exploration.</i>

136
00:14:26,900 --> 00:14:29,000
<i>Mallory watched
with the rest of the world</i>

137
00:14:29,200 --> 00:14:32,400
<i>as explorers from America,
Norway, and Britain</i>

138
00:14:32,400 --> 00:14:35,900
<i>raced first to the North
and then the South Pole.</i>

139
00:14:39,200 --> 00:14:44,400
<i>In 1912, Captain Scott,
the legendary British adventurer,</i>

140
00:14:44,500 --> 00:14:48,400
<i>died in the attempt
to be the first to the South Pole.</i>

141
00:14:48,400 --> 00:14:51,800
<i>Mallory was among those
inspired by the tragedy.</i>

142
00:14:53,300 --> 00:14:55,900
Britain is at the waning
of the empire at this time.

143
00:14:56,000 --> 00:14:58,800
It is looking for ways
to reinvigorate itself.

144
00:14:58,800 --> 00:15:04,000
So attention inevitably turns
to Everest as the final possibility -

145
00:15:04,300 --> 00:15:05,600
The Third Pole.

146
00:15:08,800 --> 00:15:13,600
<i>Surveyors had calculated that Everest
was the highest mountain in the world.</i>

147
00:15:13,700 --> 00:15:17,400
<i>But no Westerner had
ever been within 40 miles.</i>

148
00:15:19,300 --> 00:15:23,400
<i>Mallory became obsessed
by a mountain he'd never even seen.</i>

149
00:15:25,500 --> 00:15:28,700
"Everest is the highest mountain
in the world.

150
00:15:28,700 --> 00:15:32,300
No man has reached its summit.

151
00:15:32,400 --> 00:15:37,500
"Its existence is a challenge
to man's desire to conquer the universe."

152
00:15:45,800 --> 00:15:49,400
<i>Mallory wasn't just
enthralled with Everest...</i>

153
00:15:52,300 --> 00:15:56,800
<i>He had also fallen in love
with 21-year-old Ruth Turner.</i>

154
00:15:59,400 --> 00:16:02,800
<i>Right from the start,
they wrote each other adoring letters.</i>

155
00:16:04,900 --> 00:16:06,600
"My darling,"

156
00:16:06,700 --> 00:16:09,000
I'm longing for you.

157
00:16:09,000 --> 00:16:12,600
I would kiss your lips
and look into your eyes

158
00:16:12,600 --> 00:16:17,000
and you, you,
you all near me and with me,

159
00:16:17,000 --> 00:16:21,300
"strong and glorious
and loving and laughing."

160
00:16:22,900 --> 00:16:26,000
"I cannot find words
that would be sure

161
00:16:26,100 --> 00:16:28,600
to convey what I feel about you.

162
00:16:28,700 --> 00:16:31,100
What I really want
is to know you

163
00:16:31,100 --> 00:16:34,600
and to love you more and more.

164
00:16:34,600 --> 00:16:38,000
"Dearest and most beloved,
your loving Ruth."

165
00:16:39,500 --> 00:16:45,400
George and my grandmother Ruth
fell madly in love in 1914.

166
00:16:45,400 --> 00:16:46,900
They were both idealists,

167
00:16:46,900 --> 00:16:50,500
really seeing kindred spirits
in each other.

168
00:16:50,500 --> 00:16:55,900
They were married three days
before the start of World War I.

169
00:16:58,900 --> 00:17:01,800
<i>Mallory enlisted
and came face to face</i>

170
00:17:01,800 --> 00:17:03,600
<i>with death once more,</i>

171
00:17:03,700 --> 00:17:05,100
<i>fighting in the Somme,</i>

172
00:17:05,400 --> 00:17:07,600
<i>the bloodiest battle
known to man.</i>

173
00:17:11,800 --> 00:17:14,800
"There is no reckoning
with death here.

174
00:17:14,800 --> 00:17:18,500
Life presents itself
very much to me as a gift."

175
00:17:20,100 --> 00:17:24,200
Mallory had witnessed
the mass slaughter of the first World War.

176
00:17:24,400 --> 00:17:27,800
His fellow soldiers,
some of them six feet away,

177
00:17:27,800 --> 00:17:30,200
killed by German shelling.

178
00:17:30,400 --> 00:17:33,000
He knew how fragile life was.

179
00:17:33,000 --> 00:17:36,900
And knowing this,
he wanted to live it to the fullest.

180
00:17:37,000 --> 00:17:39,900
He wanted the ultimate challenge.

181
00:17:40,000 --> 00:17:43,600
And that, in the 20s,
was Mount Everest.

182
00:17:46,600 --> 00:17:48,200
<i>Once the war was over,</i>

183
00:17:48,400 --> 00:17:50,900
<i>the Royal Geographical Society
in London</i>

184
00:17:51,000 --> 00:17:54,600
<i>planned the first-ever
expedition to Everest.</i>

185
00:17:57,400 --> 00:18:01,100
<i>They needed Mallory
for his supreme climbing skills;</i>

186
00:18:01,200 --> 00:18:05,100
<i>He needed their backing
to realize his obsession.</i>

187
00:18:11,600 --> 00:18:16,000
<i>When Mallory undertook
that first expedition in 1921,</i>

188
00:18:16,000 --> 00:18:20,600
<i>he had to approach Everest
through Tibet from the north.</i>

189
00:18:20,600 --> 00:18:24,800
<i>The Nepalese refused to allow
access to the easier south side</i>

190
00:18:24,800 --> 00:18:29,200
<i>used when Everest was first
officially climbed in 1953.</i>

191
00:18:31,000 --> 00:18:33,600
<i>After an eight-week journey,</i>

192
00:18:33,600 --> 00:18:36,000
<i>Mallory finally set eyes
on the mountain</i>

193
00:18:36,000 --> 00:18:38,100
<i>that had haunted him for so long.</i>

194
00:18:41,000 --> 00:18:46,600
"Like the wildest creation of a dream -
Everest!"

195
00:18:46,600 --> 00:18:49,000
A rugged giant...

196
00:18:49,100 --> 00:18:52,100
A prodigious white fang...

197
00:18:52,200 --> 00:18:55,600
A colossal rock plastered with snow.

198
00:18:55,600 --> 00:18:57,900
From the mountaineer's point of view,

199
00:18:58,000 --> 00:19:01,200
"no more appalling sight
could be imagined."

200
00:19:02,900 --> 00:19:04,700
When he first saw Everest,

201
00:19:04,700 --> 00:19:07,900
he describes it
really almost as an adversary.

202
00:19:07,900 --> 00:19:11,600
It's very beautiful,
but also ugly or frightful,

203
00:19:11,700 --> 00:19:13,600
like an ogre.

204
00:19:18,700 --> 00:19:20,000
There were no maps.

205
00:19:20,100 --> 00:19:22,100
No one knew the terrain there.

206
00:19:22,100 --> 00:19:26,200
And this first trip, the trip of 1921,

207
00:19:26,200 --> 00:19:29,800
it was imperative
that the team find the route

208
00:19:29,800 --> 00:19:31,500
that would lead them
to the summit.

209
00:19:41,500 --> 00:19:44,000
<i>For months, Mallory led the search,</i>

210
00:19:44,100 --> 00:19:47,000
<i>but the route
to the summit eluded him.</i>

211
00:19:52,700 --> 00:19:56,900
<i>Finally, late in August,
he found what he was looking for...</i>

212
00:20:09,100 --> 00:20:12,700
<i>An enormous glacial valley
that snaked for miles</i>

213
00:20:12,700 --> 00:20:17,200
<i>around the other giant peaks
towards the very foot of Everest.</i>

214
00:20:29,600 --> 00:20:31,100
"My dearest Ruth,

215
00:20:31,100 --> 00:20:34,200
We have found our way
to the great mountain."

216
00:20:40,600 --> 00:20:46,400
<i>At the end of the valley was a wall
of snow and ice 1,000 feet high.</i>

217
00:20:46,600 --> 00:20:50,800
<i>It led up to a crest
that Mallory named 'The North Col. '</i>

218
00:20:57,200 --> 00:20:59,600
<i>And then on to the top of the world.</i>

219
00:21:04,000 --> 00:21:07,900
"We have established
our way to the summit

220
00:21:07,900 --> 00:21:11,400
for anyone who cares to try
the highest adventure."

221
00:21:20,900 --> 00:21:24,400
<i>But the heavy snow that comes
with the monsoon each summer</i>

222
00:21:24,700 --> 00:21:27,400
<i>quickly made climbing impossible.</i>

223
00:21:27,700 --> 00:21:29,000
<i>They had to head home.</i>

224
00:21:35,100 --> 00:21:39,900
<i>But within six months,
Mallory was back again...</i>

225
00:21:39,900 --> 00:21:44,200
<i>this time with film cameras,
to show Everest to the world.</i>

226
00:21:49,700 --> 00:21:52,800
<i>He climbed higher
than anyone else before him.</i>

227
00:21:59,700 --> 00:22:01,100
<i>But late in the season,</i>

228
00:22:01,100 --> 00:22:05,000
<i>as Mallory led porters up the mountain,
disaster struck.</i>

229
00:22:07,400 --> 00:22:10,100
A great snowfall had come.

230
00:22:10,200 --> 00:22:14,800
They got to a delicate place
on this massive ice slope

231
00:22:14,800 --> 00:22:16,300
and triggered an avalanche.

232
00:22:35,100 --> 00:22:37,200
"My dearest Ruth,"

233
00:22:37,300 --> 00:22:40,200
Seven brave men killed...

234
00:22:40,200 --> 00:22:43,000
and I am to blame.

235
00:22:43,000 --> 00:22:45,300
It has happened forever

236
00:22:45,300 --> 00:22:48,400
"and I can do nothing
to make it good."

237
00:22:52,100 --> 00:22:55,500
After the avalanche,
when George returned to Europe,

238
00:22:55,700 --> 00:22:58,400
he really had no wish
to go back to Everest.

239
00:22:58,400 --> 00:23:00,400
He just wanted to get away

240
00:23:00,400 --> 00:23:02,200
from the deprivation
and the danger,

241
00:23:02,300 --> 00:23:04,100
and also the memories
of that avalanche.

242
00:23:11,200 --> 00:23:14,100
He had been away
for a very long period

243
00:23:14,200 --> 00:23:15,900
over two successive years.

244
00:23:15,900 --> 00:23:18,300
He wanted to get back
to his wife and his family.

245
00:23:24,000 --> 00:23:26,300
They had three children.

246
00:23:26,300 --> 00:23:30,400
My mother was the
second daughter of George Mallory.

247
00:23:30,400 --> 00:23:34,500
And at this point, I think,
he was really starting

248
00:23:34,500 --> 00:23:38,500
to think about wanting
to be home more,

249
00:23:38,800 --> 00:23:40,900
to be with Ruth more,

250
00:23:41,000 --> 00:23:45,000
and to address himself
to raising the kids.

251
00:23:50,500 --> 00:23:53,400
<i>But a new expedition
was being planned...</i>

252
00:23:56,300 --> 00:24:00,200
<i>And Mallory desperately
wanted to be part of it -</i>

253
00:24:00,200 --> 00:24:02,300
<i>against Ruth's wishes.</i>

254
00:24:03,400 --> 00:24:06,100
"I love you and you love me,"

255
00:24:06,100 --> 00:24:09,200
and that ought to be
happiness enough for a lifetime.

256
00:24:09,300 --> 00:24:11,300
But I do want you.

257
00:24:11,400 --> 00:24:14,100
We want to live together
all the time

258
00:24:14,200 --> 00:24:18,300
and share thoughts
and joys and sorrows.

259
00:24:18,400 --> 00:24:22,100
"And we can't apart
as we can together."

260
00:24:23,300 --> 00:24:27,300
"I am having a horrible time,
on a tightrope."

261
00:24:27,400 --> 00:24:29,500
It would be
an awful tug going away

262
00:24:29,600 --> 00:24:33,000
instead of settling down
here with Ruth.

263
00:24:33,000 --> 00:24:35,600
But it would look rather grim
to see others,

264
00:24:35,800 --> 00:24:38,500
"without me,
conquering the summit."

265
00:24:44,200 --> 00:24:46,900
Mallory clearly loved Ruth very dearly.

266
00:24:46,900 --> 00:24:51,000
She was his sweet, domestic,
beloved partner

267
00:24:51,100 --> 00:24:54,400
who represented all that was
appealing about home, family,

268
00:24:54,400 --> 00:24:57,000
the flatlands of Cambridge,
at sea level.

269
00:24:59,500 --> 00:25:02,400
But Everest represented
all that was exciting,

270
00:25:02,500 --> 00:25:04,600
adventurous, visionary, mystical.

271
00:25:07,100 --> 00:25:10,000
His personality was pulled
between those two poles.

272
00:25:18,300 --> 00:25:22,100
<i>Early in 1923,
the crisis came to a head</i>

273
00:25:22,200 --> 00:25:27,100
<i>when Mallory sailed to America
to speak about his Everest adventures.</i>

274
00:25:31,200 --> 00:25:35,300
<i>He was the star turn at the
Explorers Club in New York.</i>

275
00:25:36,900 --> 00:25:42,200
I can just imagine the audience
on the edge of their seats

276
00:25:42,200 --> 00:25:46,300
as Mallory told them
about the biting wind,

277
00:25:46,300 --> 00:25:51,300
the lack of appetite,
the fierce cold.

278
00:25:53,900 --> 00:25:57,000
<i>A New York Times journalist
asked the question,</i>

279
00:25:57,100 --> 00:26:00,200
<i>"Why climb Everest?"</i>

280
00:26:00,300 --> 00:26:03,200
<i>Mallory gave his legendary reply...</i>

281
00:26:06,200 --> 00:26:10,300
"Because it's there."

282
00:26:17,100 --> 00:26:21,400
Three words that have probably become
more famous than Mallory himself,

283
00:26:21,500 --> 00:26:25,600
suggests a sort of fatalism
bubbling away in Mallory.

284
00:26:25,600 --> 00:26:29,200
The mountain remains,
it's unclimbed,

285
00:26:29,200 --> 00:26:32,600
and so the quest remains.

286
00:26:32,600 --> 00:26:35,600
And he is the man
who is locked into

287
00:26:35,600 --> 00:26:38,400
this almost fairytale relationship
with the mountain.

288
00:26:38,400 --> 00:26:42,500
He's been twice and he must
go back for the third time.

289
00:26:48,200 --> 00:26:52,400
I think that the idea that someone else
would build on his progress

290
00:26:52,400 --> 00:26:56,500
and get to the summit on his shoulders
was quite difficult for him to accept.

291
00:26:56,500 --> 00:27:00,100
It was, after all, his route
and his mountain.

292
00:27:00,200 --> 00:27:04,100
It is actually a surprisingly selfish thing
for someone like Mallory to experience.

293
00:27:04,200 --> 00:27:08,200
But then mountaineers all do have this
kind of element of selfishness deep down.

294
00:27:15,000 --> 00:27:16,800
<i>Aged 38,</i>

295
00:27:17,000 --> 00:27:19,600
<i>this was Mallory's last chance
to conquer the mountain.</i>

296
00:27:38,100 --> 00:27:41,100
<i>Conrad Anker
will follow Mallory's footsteps,</i>

297
00:27:41,200 --> 00:27:43,500
<i>leading his own expedition
to Everest</i>

298
00:27:43,600 --> 00:27:45,100
<i>and the Second Step.</i>

299
00:27:49,700 --> 00:27:53,700
<i>During his climb,
Conrad plans to test clothes and boots</i>

300
00:27:53,700 --> 00:27:56,400
<i>modeled on those he found
on Mallory's body.</i>

301
00:28:01,200 --> 00:28:03,700
Using this replica clothing,

302
00:28:03,700 --> 00:28:06,300
I'm going to have this chance
to go back and see

303
00:28:06,300 --> 00:28:10,400
what it was like for Mallory
to try climbing Everest in 1924.

304
00:28:16,500 --> 00:28:19,200
<i>But like Mallory,
Conrad is torn between</i>

305
00:28:19,200 --> 00:28:22,200
<i>his passion for Everest
and his love for his family.</i>

306
00:28:23,600 --> 00:28:26,400
My family's
anxious about this trip.

307
00:28:26,400 --> 00:28:28,800
I'm going to Everest...

308
00:28:29,100 --> 00:28:31,300
It's a deadly mountain.

309
00:28:31,400 --> 00:28:32,800
What's it worth?

310
00:28:33,100 --> 00:28:35,400
Is it worth
leaving your kids behind?

311
00:28:35,500 --> 00:28:37,600
Why are you going
to this mountain?

312
00:28:37,600 --> 00:28:39,600
Are you going to be safe?

313
00:28:39,700 --> 00:28:41,800
You know I love you.

314
00:28:42,100 --> 00:28:43,700
And I can see there,

315
00:28:43,800 --> 00:28:46,700
as I was trying to rationalize it
to my wife and children

316
00:28:46,700 --> 00:28:49,900
that it's a safe thing
and it's a fine thing to go on Everest

317
00:28:50,100 --> 00:28:51,500
and it's a noble thing,

318
00:28:51,500 --> 00:28:55,500
that these were the same answers
Mallory had for Ruth.

319
00:28:57,100 --> 00:29:01,200
I know what it's like to be
the wife of a climber.

320
00:29:01,200 --> 00:29:03,400
And I know what it's like to be

321
00:29:03,400 --> 00:29:05,500
the wife of a climber
who doesn't come home.

322
00:29:08,200 --> 00:29:10,100
<i>Jennifer was previously married</i>

323
00:29:10,200 --> 00:29:14,300
<i>to one of America's
finest mountaineers, Alex Lowe,</i>

324
00:29:14,300 --> 00:29:17,500
<i>Conrad's climbing partner
and closest friend.</i>

325
00:29:20,300 --> 00:29:23,400
<i>Just a few months
after finding Mallory's body,</i>

326
00:29:23,400 --> 00:29:27,500
<i>Conrad was climbing with Alex
when the mountains claimed another life.</i>

327
00:29:29,300 --> 00:29:31,200
An avalanche struck Alex and I

328
00:29:31,300 --> 00:29:33,500
as we were climbing
in the Himalayas.

329
00:29:33,500 --> 00:29:37,400
He died and I was
three feet away from him.

330
00:29:40,400 --> 00:29:44,600
You could look at him
and tell that he was burdened

331
00:29:44,700 --> 00:29:48,400
with this world of guilt and grief,

332
00:29:48,400 --> 00:29:52,300
that somehow he could have
prevented Alex's death.

333
00:29:55,900 --> 00:29:58,300
In the aftermath of this tragedy,

334
00:29:58,300 --> 00:29:59,900
we communicated with each other

335
00:29:59,900 --> 00:30:03,900
and eventually
we grew to fall in love.

336
00:30:03,900 --> 00:30:06,900
It wasn't just Jennifer
that my love grew for,

337
00:30:07,200 --> 00:30:08,800
it was also the boys.

338
00:30:10,500 --> 00:30:14,300
Jennifer must really like climbers
to willingly bring me into her life

339
00:30:14,300 --> 00:30:16,800
and then marry
and have me adopt the boys,

340
00:30:16,800 --> 00:30:19,800
because she knows
it's downright dangerous work.

341
00:30:22,700 --> 00:30:25,900
Boys, look what I found downstairs.

342
00:30:25,900 --> 00:30:29,700
- Wow!
- Good God!

343
00:30:30,500 --> 00:30:32,200
Is this my Halloween costume

344
00:30:32,300 --> 00:30:34,600
or is this what
I'm going up Everest in?

345
00:30:34,700 --> 00:30:37,400
- You guys are laughing.
- You look like Inspector Gadget.

346
00:30:37,500 --> 00:30:39,000
You're supposed to take me serious.

347
00:30:39,200 --> 00:30:40,600
Mom can appreciate it.

348
00:30:40,600 --> 00:30:42,500
It's amazing to think of those guys

349
00:30:42,500 --> 00:30:45,200
going for the summit
in clothing like that.

350
00:30:47,300 --> 00:30:49,400
Would you climb Everest in that suit?

351
00:30:49,400 --> 00:30:51,700
- No.
- What would you wear?

352
00:30:51,800 --> 00:30:53,700
I wouldn't climb Everest.

353
00:31:12,300 --> 00:31:14,200
<i>Before climbing Everest,</i>

354
00:31:14,300 --> 00:31:17,900
<i>Mallory had to choose
his climbing partner.</i>

355
00:31:17,900 --> 00:31:22,700
<i>Among the candidates was
a 21-year-old chemistry student,</i>

356
00:31:22,800 --> 00:31:27,000
<i>Andrew 'Sandy' Irvine -
a mountaineering novice.</i>

357
00:31:30,300 --> 00:31:32,800
My great uncle Sandy Irvine
took life by the horns,

358
00:31:32,800 --> 00:31:35,400
and if there was an opportunity
that presented itself to him

359
00:31:35,500 --> 00:31:36,900
he would take it.

360
00:31:36,900 --> 00:31:39,400
He loved the theater,
he loved cars,

361
00:31:39,400 --> 00:31:41,300
and above all he loved women.

362
00:31:41,300 --> 00:31:43,600
And he had this
very indiscreet love affair

363
00:31:43,700 --> 00:31:46,600
with his
best friend's step-mother.

364
00:31:46,700 --> 00:31:49,400
It was a terrible scandal.

365
00:31:52,700 --> 00:31:57,000
But Sandy Irvine was first
and foremost an oarsman.

366
00:31:57,300 --> 00:32:00,300
<i>And when he got to Oxford
he was selected to take part</i>

367
00:32:00,300 --> 00:32:02,500
<i>in the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race.</i>

368
00:32:04,600 --> 00:32:08,500
<i>The annual boat race was the most
prestigious sporting event of the day.</i>

369
00:32:17,600 --> 00:32:19,100
They were victorious.

370
00:32:19,300 --> 00:32:21,500
And what Mallory saw in Sandy

371
00:32:21,600 --> 00:32:24,800
was this extraordinary ability
that great oarsmen have,

372
00:32:24,800 --> 00:32:26,800
which is to row through pain,

373
00:32:26,900 --> 00:32:31,800
to push himself almost beyond
normal human limit.

374
00:32:33,900 --> 00:32:37,100
<i>But there was another reason
for choosing Irvine.</i>

375
00:32:37,300 --> 00:32:39,100
<i>Mallory needed someone technical</i>

376
00:32:39,300 --> 00:32:43,300
<i>to master the oxygen equipment
vital at high altitude.</i>

377
00:32:43,400 --> 00:32:46,600
<i>And unlike Mallory,
Irvine was very practical.</i>

378
00:32:47,900 --> 00:32:50,600
Sandy asked the
Mount Everest committee

379
00:32:50,600 --> 00:32:54,400
to send him a 1922 set,
plus the drawings.

380
00:32:54,500 --> 00:32:57,600
<i>And he spent hours and hours
in his rooms in Oxford</i>

381
00:32:57,600 --> 00:32:59,800
trying to make it serviceable,

382
00:32:59,900 --> 00:33:03,800
trying to make it lighter,
stronger and less fragile,

383
00:33:03,900 --> 00:33:08,000
so that the climbers could
use it with greater confidence.

384
00:33:08,000 --> 00:33:12,500
And so the fact that Sandy was
so practical with the apparatus,

385
00:33:12,500 --> 00:33:14,900
I think, made it quite clear
in Mallory's mind

386
00:33:14,900 --> 00:33:17,900
that he was a useful man
to have climbing with him.

387
00:33:26,800 --> 00:33:28,900
<i>Conrad Anker has also chosen</i>

388
00:33:28,900 --> 00:33:32,900
<i>a young Englishman
as his climbing partner - Leo Houlding.</i>

389
00:33:32,900 --> 00:33:37,000
<i>Like Irvine, Leo is young,
strong, a natural athlete</i>

390
00:33:37,100 --> 00:33:39,400
<i>and has never climbed
at high altitude.</i>

391
00:33:40,800 --> 00:33:43,000
<i>The 90-feet high Second Step</i>

392
00:33:43,100 --> 00:33:45,800
<i>will be a dangerous venture
into the unknown.</i>

393
00:33:51,400 --> 00:33:53,100
I'm definitely concerned
about the altitude

394
00:33:53,100 --> 00:33:54,800
and the acclimatization process,

395
00:33:54,800 --> 00:33:57,600
just because I've never
been high enough before

396
00:33:57,700 --> 00:33:59,200
to know whether, you know,

397
00:33:59,400 --> 00:34:02,200
I might be one of those people
that it doesn't gel with.

398
00:34:05,700 --> 00:34:07,500
I don't want to let Conrad down

399
00:34:07,500 --> 00:34:09,900
and I'm sure Irvine
felt some of that pressure.

400
00:34:50,900 --> 00:34:55,800
Leo's never been to altitude,
this unknown.

401
00:34:55,900 --> 00:35:00,200
And you can't walk into
a hospital and take a test

402
00:35:00,500 --> 00:35:03,800
that will come back and say,
oh, you'll do well at altitude.

403
00:35:03,900 --> 00:35:05,200
Some people do really well.

404
00:35:05,500 --> 00:35:07,100
But I've seen fit people

405
00:35:07,100 --> 00:35:09,800
doubled over
and with splitting headaches.

406
00:35:17,100 --> 00:35:20,700
Being invited to climb the highest
mountain in the world with Conrad,

407
00:35:20,800 --> 00:35:23,000
one of the best climbers
in his generation,

408
00:35:23,000 --> 00:35:24,900
is such a privilege.

409
00:35:25,000 --> 00:35:28,300
For Irvine, being invited
to climb with George Mallory,

410
00:35:28,500 --> 00:35:31,500
the best climber of his generation,
on the unclimbed Mount Everest -

411
00:35:31,600 --> 00:35:33,500
I just can't imagine
how he must have felt.

412
00:35:35,000 --> 00:35:39,600
"I am walking on metaphorical air."

413
00:35:39,600 --> 00:35:44,000
We shall go all out for the summit.

414
00:35:44,000 --> 00:35:48,700
If I have to die,
then there would be no finer death

415
00:35:48,800 --> 00:35:51,600
"than in an attempt to conquer Everest."

416
00:35:55,200 --> 00:36:00,700
<i>On February 29, 1924,
Mallory set sail from Liverpool,</i>

417
00:36:00,800 --> 00:36:03,300
<i>after making Ruth
a solemn promise.</i>

418
00:36:04,500 --> 00:36:07,300
As my grandfather
was leaving England

419
00:36:07,500 --> 00:36:09,300
and leaving my grandmother,

420
00:36:09,500 --> 00:36:13,700
he told her that he would leave
a photograph of her

421
00:36:13,700 --> 00:36:16,700
at the top of Mount Everest.

422
00:36:16,700 --> 00:36:20,600
And I think he was pretty confident
that he would get there

423
00:36:20,700 --> 00:36:23,600
and that he would
leave that photograph.

424
00:36:26,900 --> 00:36:29,100
<i>With the eyes of the world upon them,</i>

425
00:36:29,100 --> 00:36:33,100
<i>Mallory and Irvine set out
on the three-week voyage for India.</i>

426
00:36:46,900 --> 00:36:51,900
<i>Late that March, their convoy
began its 350-mile trek.</i>

427
00:37:08,900 --> 00:37:11,400
<i>Five thousand miles apart,</i>

428
00:37:11,600 --> 00:37:15,400
<i>Mallory and Ruth
wrote to each other frequently.</i>

429
00:37:15,600 --> 00:37:18,700
<i>Couriers carried their letters
across the world,</i>

430
00:37:18,700 --> 00:37:21,600
<i>and after the months of tension
they had gone through,</i>

431
00:37:21,600 --> 00:37:23,300
<i>he and Ruth made up.</i>

432
00:37:24,600 --> 00:37:28,000
"I do miss you a lot."

433
00:37:28,000 --> 00:37:32,600
I know I have rather often
been cross and not nice,

434
00:37:32,700 --> 00:37:34,800
and I am very sorry.

435
00:37:34,900 --> 00:37:38,000
I was unhappy
at getting so little of you.

436
00:37:38,000 --> 00:37:41,800
Very, very much love
to you, my dear one,

437
00:37:41,800 --> 00:37:43,600
"Your loving Ruth."

438
00:37:47,800 --> 00:37:49,600
"Dearest one,"

439
00:37:49,700 --> 00:37:53,000
We went through a difficult
time together in the autumn.

440
00:37:53,000 --> 00:37:56,300
Your letters bring you much nearer.

441
00:37:56,300 --> 00:37:58,900
"I wish I had you with me."

442
00:38:01,000 --> 00:38:04,900
We can think of the relationship
between Mallory, Everest and Ruth

443
00:38:04,900 --> 00:38:06,800
as a kind of love triangle.

444
00:38:06,900 --> 00:38:10,200
When he was at home with Ruth
he was dreaming of Everest.

445
00:38:10,200 --> 00:38:12,900
When he was away with
Everest he was dreaming of Ruth -

446
00:38:12,900 --> 00:38:16,400
until a certain point, until he got
sufficiently close to the mountain

447
00:38:16,700 --> 00:38:19,000
that it cast its spell over him.

448
00:38:35,800 --> 00:38:39,800
<i>The convoy of 300 pack animals
and 70 porters</i>

449
00:38:39,900 --> 00:38:42,200
<i>journeyed through Tibet.</i>

450
00:38:43,800 --> 00:38:48,200
<i>Provisions included four cases
of Montebello Champagne</i>

451
00:38:48,200 --> 00:38:51,200
<i>and 60 tins of quail and foie gras.</i>

452
00:38:54,300 --> 00:38:58,200
<i>On April 25th, 17,000 feet up,</i>

453
00:38:58,300 --> 00:39:01,300
<i>they reached the last pass
before Everest -</i>

454
00:39:01,400 --> 00:39:02,900
<i>Pang La.</i>

455
00:39:13,900 --> 00:39:15,100
The Pang-La is the pass

456
00:39:15,200 --> 00:39:18,200
where you get the first
stunning view of Everest, right?

457
00:39:18,300 --> 00:39:20,200
Yeah, and it's this vista.

458
00:39:20,200 --> 00:39:23,200
You've got five of the world's
highest peaks in one view.

459
00:39:38,300 --> 00:39:39,900
That's Everest.

460
00:39:44,000 --> 00:39:45,100
Wow.

461
00:39:52,000 --> 00:39:55,000
It's so much bigger
than all the other ones, isn't it?

462
00:39:55,100 --> 00:39:56,300
Yeah.

463
00:39:57,900 --> 00:40:01,400
It's really special that we haven't
had any sign of the mountain,

464
00:40:01,400 --> 00:40:03,400
and then you drive up
to this high pass

465
00:40:03,400 --> 00:40:06,900
and then she just
reveals herself in all her glory...

466
00:40:07,000 --> 00:40:09,300
you know, Chomolungma,
Mother Goddess of the Earth,

467
00:40:09,400 --> 00:40:11,000
the mountain we call Everest.

468
00:40:11,000 --> 00:40:12,500
Just... bang!

469
00:40:19,800 --> 00:40:24,300
This wonderful photograph,
taken on the 26th of April, 1924,

470
00:40:24,300 --> 00:40:26,100
is pretty amazing.

471
00:40:26,100 --> 00:40:30,000
See Everest there,
there's Mallory, Irvine,

472
00:40:30,100 --> 00:40:33,500
a couple of their Sherpas
they had with them and their pony.

473
00:40:35,200 --> 00:40:37,900
This is almost exactly
the same spot, right?

474
00:40:37,900 --> 00:40:39,100
Pretty close.

475
00:40:39,100 --> 00:40:41,600
And they spent three weeks
trekking on the plateau

476
00:40:41,800 --> 00:40:45,200
to get to this point,
to be able to see it.

477
00:40:45,200 --> 00:40:47,600
And they were on their feet,
they'd walked every day.

478
00:40:47,800 --> 00:40:50,800
I mean, you think for us
to get here we've been in a Jeep.

479
00:40:57,200 --> 00:41:00,100
<i>On April 29th, Mallory and Irvine</i>

480
00:41:00,100 --> 00:41:04,000
<i>set up their center of operations -
Base Camp -</i>

481
00:41:04,000 --> 00:41:05,900
<i>12 miles from the summit.</i>

482
00:41:21,200 --> 00:41:25,200
<i>Like Mallory, Conrad will
rely heavily on Sherpa porters,</i>

483
00:41:25,300 --> 00:41:28,100
<i>accustomed to high altitude.</i>

484
00:41:28,100 --> 00:41:31,200
<i>But this is a still
a dangerous mountain.</i>

485
00:41:31,300 --> 00:41:35,500
<i>Over 200 people have died here -
among them, many Sherpas.</i>

486
00:41:36,300 --> 00:41:38,400
Well, most important is safety.

487
00:41:38,400 --> 00:41:43,600
Ten fingers, ten toes,
one nose, all come back...

488
00:41:43,900 --> 00:41:46,500
- Two eyes!
- Yes, two eyes!

489
00:41:48,300 --> 00:41:51,500
And if you see something with us,
if we look sick,

490
00:41:51,500 --> 00:41:55,500
then you tell us and say,
"Go down!"

491
00:42:25,300 --> 00:42:27,400
Before one embarks
on an expedition,

492
00:42:27,400 --> 00:42:32,100
it's customary to have a puja,
which is a blessing ceremony.

493
00:42:32,100 --> 00:42:36,100
As Chomolungma is
Mother Goddess of the Earth,

494
00:42:36,200 --> 00:42:41,700
the mountain is a deity
for the Tibetans and the Sherpas.

495
00:42:41,900 --> 00:42:45,300
Safe passage depends
upon having a good puja.

496
00:43:10,200 --> 00:43:12,200
Ho!

497
00:43:17,000 --> 00:43:18,700
Good luck, everybody!

498
00:43:21,500 --> 00:43:22,700
Lots of luck.

499
00:43:31,500 --> 00:43:34,400
<i>The Monks from the
ancient monastery nearby</i>

500
00:43:34,400 --> 00:43:36,700
<i>gave Mallory a very mixed welcome</i>

501
00:43:36,700 --> 00:43:40,300
<i>when he approached their
sacred mountain, Chomolungma.</i>

502
00:43:55,300 --> 00:43:58,800
It was 83 years ago
on this day, May 15th,

503
00:43:59,000 --> 00:44:01,200
that Mallory
and his team came here

504
00:44:01,300 --> 00:44:03,400
for a blessing from the lama.

505
00:44:11,400 --> 00:44:15,000
The head lama welcomed
the strange white climbers,

506
00:44:15,100 --> 00:44:17,600
but it was an ominous encounter.

507
00:44:23,400 --> 00:44:25,200
Along with the blessing,

508
00:44:25,200 --> 00:44:29,500
the lama had a very stern warning
for the expedition.

509
00:44:29,600 --> 00:44:31,800
He spoke of disaster to come,

510
00:44:32,000 --> 00:44:34,300
prophesying that
the mountain's demons

511
00:44:34,400 --> 00:44:37,500
would delight in forcing
the climbers off Everest.

512
00:44:40,600 --> 00:44:43,700
The monks had even
created an illustration,

513
00:44:43,700 --> 00:44:45,700
a very gruesome one,

514
00:44:45,700 --> 00:44:49,200
of the Gods disemboweling
a western man

515
00:44:49,200 --> 00:44:51,300
and pitching him into hell.

516
00:44:53,500 --> 00:44:55,800
It must have been
a terrifying moment for Mallory.

517
00:44:56,100 --> 00:44:58,400
He was not a superstitious man,
but I think it would have been

518
00:44:58,500 --> 00:45:02,700
hard to be in that landscape
at that time on the third expedition

519
00:45:03,400 --> 00:45:06,000
And not feel the atmosphere
to be saturated

520
00:45:06,100 --> 00:45:10,200
with signs and portent
and hints and forebodings.

521
00:45:16,400 --> 00:45:18,200
<i>Despite the bad omens,</i>

522
00:45:18,300 --> 00:45:22,100
<i>Mallory hoped that this time
he'd summit the mountain.</i>

523
00:45:24,000 --> 00:45:25,900
<i>The weather was good.</i>

524
00:45:25,900 --> 00:45:29,100
<i>He planned to reach
the top of Everest by mid-May,</i>

525
00:45:29,100 --> 00:45:31,800
<i>to beat the snows
that came with the monsoon.</i>

526
00:45:45,100 --> 00:45:50,300
<i>On May 2, 1924, the giant convoy
of climbers and porters</i>

527
00:45:50,300 --> 00:45:52,900
<i>made its way out of Base Camp.</i>

528
00:46:04,100 --> 00:46:06,000
"My dearest Ruth,

529
00:46:06,100 --> 00:46:11,400
The thought of you will be present
in the most important decisions...

530
00:46:11,500 --> 00:46:14,200
I am eager for
the great events to begin."

531
00:46:18,900 --> 00:46:23,200
Mallory realized that
the way to attack Everest

532
00:46:23,200 --> 00:46:28,300
was a series of camps,
almost militaristic in style.

533
00:46:28,400 --> 00:46:32,100
You go some way up,
then come back down,

534
00:46:32,100 --> 00:46:35,900
recuperate,
and then move back up.

535
00:46:36,000 --> 00:46:38,200
It's how you acclimatize.

536
00:46:38,200 --> 00:46:40,200
He pioneered this technique,

537
00:46:40,200 --> 00:46:44,300
and it's the one
we still use on Everest today.

538
00:47:05,000 --> 00:47:07,500
<i>Conrad and Leo
follow Mallory's route</i>

539
00:47:07,500 --> 00:47:11,600
<i>through a forest
of ice pinnacles, up to Camp 3.</i>

540
00:47:27,500 --> 00:47:32,400
You definitely can't cheat or hide
from altitude and acclimatization.

541
00:47:32,500 --> 00:47:34,600
It just makes everything
really hard work.

542
00:47:37,400 --> 00:47:39,700
- This is it, Leo.
- Finally.

543
00:47:39,900 --> 00:47:42,100
Camp 3 for 1924.

544
00:47:45,900 --> 00:47:51,600
At Camp 3, altitude really begins
to show its nasty side effects.

545
00:47:51,600 --> 00:47:56,300
With each breath you're getting
fewer molecules of oxygen in.

546
00:47:56,300 --> 00:47:57,500
It's insidious.

547
00:47:57,500 --> 00:47:59,300
You lose your appetite,

548
00:47:59,400 --> 00:48:01,400
you have splitting headaches,

549
00:48:01,400 --> 00:48:06,300
you have a difficult time
just doing the simplest of tasks.

550
00:48:06,300 --> 00:48:11,500
And yet 9,000 feet above you,
the summit of Everest,

551
00:48:11,500 --> 00:48:13,000
and it's calling you.

552
00:48:26,600 --> 00:48:29,300
Somewhere above their Camp 2,

553
00:48:29,300 --> 00:48:34,400
Mallory and Irvine experienced
their first bout of bad weather.

554
00:48:34,400 --> 00:48:37,300
A storm came in,
the temperatures plummeted,

555
00:48:37,300 --> 00:48:40,400
and Mallory realized
it wasn't going to be

556
00:48:40,500 --> 00:48:42,700
easy street up to
the summit of Everest.

557
00:48:45,400 --> 00:48:47,500
"My dearest girl,

558
00:48:47,500 --> 00:48:53,600
I was acting as a lone horse
and arrived first in Camp 3.

559
00:48:53,600 --> 00:48:59,700
The glacier is everywhere
beneath the stones...

560
00:48:59,700 --> 00:49:03,500
My boots were frozen
hard on my feet.

561
00:49:03,600 --> 00:49:09,200
I was a good deal depressed
by the situation...

562
00:49:09,300 --> 00:49:12,000
I love you always, dear one."

563
00:49:16,200 --> 00:49:17,300
Shall we try it on?

564
00:49:17,400 --> 00:49:21,600
Yeah, I'm pretty keen
to see how this stuff works.

565
00:49:21,600 --> 00:49:23,000
Check this out.

566
00:49:27,000 --> 00:49:29,400
Can you imagine
climbing up with these things?

567
00:49:29,400 --> 00:49:30,700
They're something else.

568
00:49:32,400 --> 00:49:35,000
So I've got every layer on here.

569
00:49:35,000 --> 00:49:37,100
Mallory and Irvine
had seven layers on

570
00:49:37,100 --> 00:49:39,500
when they went for
the summit in '24.

571
00:49:39,500 --> 00:49:43,200
But the big difference
is here, in the footwear.

572
00:49:43,300 --> 00:49:47,100
I tell you, the rest of this outfit
seems pretty good.

573
00:49:47,200 --> 00:49:50,100
But compared to the boots
that we wear these days,

574
00:49:50,100 --> 00:49:53,500
these things look decidedly,
you know, inappropriate.

575
00:49:58,800 --> 00:50:02,700
<i>Wearing hobnailed boot
and gabardine jackets,</i>

576
00:50:02,700 --> 00:50:05,300
<i>Conrad and Leo
venture onto the mountain.</i>

577
00:50:08,400 --> 00:50:11,200
We were right near the spot

578
00:50:11,200 --> 00:50:16,300
where seven of Mallory's porters
lost their lives in the avalanche.

579
00:50:16,300 --> 00:50:18,800
But as in 1924,

580
00:50:19,100 --> 00:50:23,300
we were just bound together
by a thin cotton rope.

581
00:50:31,500 --> 00:50:33,500
<i>Using Mallory's technique,</i>

582
00:50:33,500 --> 00:50:36,600
<i>Conrad cuts steps
into the steep ice slope.</i>

583
00:50:40,600 --> 00:50:42,400
This is real mountain terrain.

584
00:50:42,500 --> 00:50:43,600
I mean, if you lose your footing

585
00:50:43,700 --> 00:50:46,200
you'll fall down 1,000 feet
to the base of it.

586
00:50:46,200 --> 00:50:48,200
And we need to
start being careful now,

587
00:50:48,300 --> 00:50:51,600
there's crevasses,
there's danger of avalanche.

588
00:50:53,700 --> 00:50:55,800
When you stand
on the edge of a crevasse,

589
00:50:56,100 --> 00:50:59,200
you just see this slot
disappearing down into the glacier,

590
00:50:59,200 --> 00:51:00,900
hundreds of feet deep.

591
00:51:01,100 --> 00:51:03,700
But the dangerous ones
are the ones that you can't see.

592
00:51:03,800 --> 00:51:06,600
You can be walking across
a snow bridge just a few feet thick

593
00:51:06,700 --> 00:51:09,600
and fall through it to certain death.

594
00:51:10,400 --> 00:51:13,300
- Yikes, she's deep, isn't she?
- Yeah.

595
00:51:17,400 --> 00:51:19,300
I'm right at the bridge!

596
00:51:20,100 --> 00:51:21,300
Ten feet of rope!

597
00:51:22,600 --> 00:51:24,300
Be careful, my friend.

598
00:51:40,700 --> 00:51:45,200
It's phenomenal that they
were able to get to 28,000 feet

599
00:51:45,200 --> 00:51:48,300
in what I would basically call

600
00:51:48,300 --> 00:51:51,300
clothing you'd walk through the forest.

601
00:51:55,300 --> 00:51:56,900
Good job, Leo.

602
00:51:57,100 --> 00:51:59,500
No... Good job Conrad.

603
00:52:02,400 --> 00:52:03,800
<i>Ohhh...</i>

604
00:52:03,800 --> 00:52:05,500
I'm knackered!

605
00:52:11,600 --> 00:52:16,500
<i>In 1924, Mallory's team were
pinned down by weather so severe</i>

606
00:52:16,600 --> 00:52:19,300
<i>Sandy Irvine feared for his life.</i>

607
00:52:20,500 --> 00:52:22,700
"May 10th...

608
00:52:22,700 --> 00:52:26,400
Had a terrible night
with wind and snow.

609
00:52:26,500 --> 00:52:29,400
I don't know how
the tent stood it.

610
00:52:29,400 --> 00:52:31,300
Very little sleep,

611
00:52:31,300 --> 00:52:35,800
and about two inches of snow
over everything in the tent.

612
00:52:35,900 --> 00:52:38,300
Awful headache this morning."

613
00:52:40,300 --> 00:52:43,600
<i>Irvine was suffering
from altitude sickness.</i>

614
00:52:43,600 --> 00:52:48,800
<i>His role as Mallory's
climbing partner was now in doubt.</i>

615
00:52:48,900 --> 00:52:53,700
<i>The harsh conditions forced the
entire team back down to Base Camp.</i>

616
00:52:56,700 --> 00:52:58,400
When they arrived there

617
00:52:58,400 --> 00:53:01,700
they found that two
of the staff were dead.

618
00:53:01,700 --> 00:53:04,000
Instead of preparing
for a summit bid

619
00:53:04,200 --> 00:53:06,000
they were burying people
in Base Camp.

620
00:53:06,200 --> 00:53:09,800
It must have been quite strange
for Irvine to come to terms with that.

621
00:53:12,600 --> 00:53:16,200
<i>"One of our NCOs
suddenly got paralysis,</i>

622
00:53:16,300 --> 00:53:20,900
probably due to a clot on the brain
from frostbitten fingers.

623
00:53:20,900 --> 00:53:25,300
The poor fellow died
within half a mile of Base Camp."

624
00:53:28,200 --> 00:53:32,000
<i>Meanwhile, Mallory planned
another dangerous summit bid.</i>

625
00:53:34,800 --> 00:53:38,300
<i>But he allowed no sign
of the team's suffering to show</i>

626
00:53:38,400 --> 00:53:40,900
<i>in a letter to his eldest daughter, Clare.</i>

627
00:53:43,600 --> 00:53:44,800
"My darling,

628
00:53:44,800 --> 00:53:48,800
There is not much wind today,
so it is nice and warm.

629
00:53:48,800 --> 00:53:51,600
Now tea has come
and for the first time

630
00:53:51,600 --> 00:53:55,500
since I don't know when, cake.

631
00:53:55,500 --> 00:53:59,400
Shall we have a little tea party together
one day in August,

632
00:53:59,400 --> 00:54:04,800
with a flat, warm squidgy cake
and nothing else?

633
00:54:04,800 --> 00:54:07,000
Haven't you got a greedy Daddy!

634
00:54:13,600 --> 00:54:15,900
<i>It was already mid-May.</i>

635
00:54:16,000 --> 00:54:18,400
<i>And soon, the snows would come.</i>

636
00:54:19,700 --> 00:54:23,100
The monsoon arrives
early June every year.

637
00:54:23,300 --> 00:54:25,300
It releases a tremendous
amount of snow.

638
00:54:26,300 --> 00:54:27,900
Climbing is impossible.

639
00:54:45,600 --> 00:54:49,700
We had the same challenge
as Mallory in 1924.

640
00:54:49,800 --> 00:54:52,400
We were there late in the season.

641
00:54:52,500 --> 00:54:55,600
If we didn't get up the mountain
before the monsoon hit

642
00:54:55,600 --> 00:54:57,900
we'd be in very serious trouble.

643
00:55:05,800 --> 00:55:08,400
<i>Over 22,000 feet up,</i>

644
00:55:08,500 --> 00:55:11,900
<i>Conrad and Leo start
the ascent of Everest itself.</i>

645
00:55:16,900 --> 00:55:20,900
<i>They are on one of the most
treacherous parts of the mountain -</i>

646
00:55:20,900 --> 00:55:25,700
<i>the giant wall of ice and snow
that leads up to the North Col,</i>

647
00:55:25,800 --> 00:55:27,600
<i>the launchpad to the summit.</i>

648
00:55:56,800 --> 00:56:01,100
<i>Despite all the modern equipment,
the altitude hits Leo hard.</i>

649
00:56:02,900 --> 00:56:05,600
This is the first time
I've ever been to this altitude,

650
00:56:05,700 --> 00:56:11,200
and you move so desperately slowly,
it's unreal, you just can't believe.

651
00:56:11,400 --> 00:56:13,600
You take two steps
and you're completely out of breath,

652
00:56:13,700 --> 00:56:15,800
and I'm sure it's going to
get worse as we get up.

653
00:56:33,600 --> 00:56:36,500
<i>With hobnailed boots
and no guide-ropes,</i>

654
00:56:36,600 --> 00:56:39,600
<i>Mallory led the assault
on the North Col,</i>

655
00:56:39,600 --> 00:56:44,000
<i>cutting steps into what he called
'its great battlements of ice. '</i>

656
00:56:46,600 --> 00:56:49,200
"The North Col was a triumph.

657
00:56:49,400 --> 00:56:54,400
I enjoyed the conquest of
the ice wall and making the steps.

658
00:56:54,500 --> 00:56:57,800
Afterwards I was
practically bust to the world."

659
00:56:59,700 --> 00:57:01,700
<i>Looking back down the valley,</i>

660
00:57:01,700 --> 00:57:06,600
<i>he was already higher than
the greatest peaks in Europe or America.</i>

661
00:57:06,600 --> 00:57:10,500
<i>But the summit was still
6,000 feet above.</i>

662
00:57:21,600 --> 00:57:25,800
<i>Here on the Col, Mallory set
up his bridgehead to Everest -</i>

663
00:57:25,900 --> 00:57:28,600
<i>Camp 4.</i>

664
00:57:28,600 --> 00:57:32,100
<i>He planned higher camps
further up the mountain.</i>

665
00:57:32,200 --> 00:57:35,800
<i>These would take him within
striking distance of the summit.</i>

666
00:57:37,800 --> 00:57:41,500
Mallory had a cough
that wouldn't go away,

667
00:57:41,500 --> 00:57:45,000
Irvine was suffering from diarrhea,

668
00:57:45,000 --> 00:57:47,000
and the cold never left them.

669
00:57:52,600 --> 00:57:54,300
"My dearest Ruth,

670
00:57:54,500 --> 00:57:55,900
I couldn't sleep,

671
00:57:56,000 --> 00:58:00,600
distressed with bursts of coughing
fit to tear one's guts.

672
00:58:00,600 --> 00:58:03,600
Fierce squalls visited our tents
and shook them

673
00:58:03,600 --> 00:58:07,900
with the disagreeable threat of tearing
them away from their moorings.

674
00:58:07,900 --> 00:58:11,800
There was never a more
determined and bitter enemy."

675
00:58:17,500 --> 00:58:19,300
<i>Twenty-three thousand feet up,</i>

676
00:58:19,500 --> 00:58:23,200
<i>Conrad and Leo test out
Mallory's gear one last time.</i>

677
00:58:24,800 --> 00:58:29,500
<i>Suddenly, temperatures plummet
to 20 below freezing.</i>

678
00:58:29,600 --> 00:58:31,300
<i>They're in severe danger of frostbite.</i>

679
00:58:42,200 --> 00:58:43,900
Thank you, Mingma.

680
00:58:44,000 --> 00:58:44,900
No problem.

681
00:58:53,200 --> 00:58:56,900
I can't imagine going to
8,500 meters in these boots.

682
00:58:59,200 --> 00:59:01,300
Which is my theory,

683
00:59:01,600 --> 00:59:05,900
that if those guys
were moving they were okay...

684
00:59:06,000 --> 00:59:08,900
but once they stopped moving
the clock was ticking,

685
00:59:09,000 --> 00:59:11,600
and it was a different game altogether.

686
00:59:17,600 --> 00:59:19,200
My toes are freezing.

687
00:59:24,600 --> 00:59:29,400
In '22, Mallory frostbit one of his fingers...

688
00:59:29,600 --> 00:59:32,900
And he commented that it
was bad but not that bad.

689
00:59:32,900 --> 00:59:37,700
And then as a note aside he said,

690
00:59:37,700 --> 00:59:41,900
"I wouldn't mind if
I lost a finger for this summit."

691
00:59:43,300 --> 00:59:45,600
And if I was in his shoes
I probably would have thought

692
00:59:45,700 --> 00:59:51,000
the same thing because it
was the golden age of exploration.

693
00:59:56,600 --> 00:59:58,000
Ahh, that's it.

694
00:59:58,000 --> 00:59:59,400
Come on, my beauties.

695
01:00:02,800 --> 01:00:04,700
<i>Oh, God.</i>

696
01:00:10,800 --> 01:00:13,100
<i>Bad weather blocks Conrad's path</i>

697
01:00:13,200 --> 01:00:16,000
<i>and the monsoon snows
are imminent.</i>

698
01:00:16,000 --> 01:00:20,900
<i>He and Leo risk being trapped
high on Everest, beyond rescue.</i>

699
01:00:23,700 --> 01:00:26,400
It was a stressful moment.

700
01:00:26,700 --> 01:00:27,800
What are we doing?

701
01:00:27,800 --> 01:00:30,000
We're climbing
into the second week of June,

702
01:00:30,100 --> 01:00:32,200
the monsoon's on our ass.

703
01:00:32,200 --> 01:00:35,900
I get on the phone to Jennifer,
and I say to her,

704
01:00:35,900 --> 01:00:40,000
it's not worth what I'm putting you
and the family through,

705
01:00:40,100 --> 01:00:41,800
and I'm ready to come home.

706
01:00:43,900 --> 01:00:46,400
The window was closing;
I knew the monsoon was coming.

707
01:00:46,700 --> 01:00:50,200
I was looking at the satellite
imagery of the weather.

708
01:00:50,200 --> 01:00:51,700
I said, Conrad, you know what?

709
01:00:51,700 --> 01:00:53,400
I'm looking at the computer screen

710
01:00:53,700 --> 01:00:56,100
and I'm seeing this
giant wall of weather -

711
01:00:56,100 --> 01:00:58,100
and it's the monsoon.

712
01:00:58,200 --> 01:01:00,100
And I just said, Conrad,

713
01:01:00,100 --> 01:01:04,900
you need to be confident
that you can make it.

714
01:01:05,000 --> 01:01:08,500
But if you have a chance
to climb the Second Step,

715
01:01:08,700 --> 01:01:10,100
I want you to go for it.

716
01:01:15,700 --> 01:01:17,200
"My dear one,

717
01:01:17,200 --> 01:01:19,500
What is happening to you?

718
01:01:19,700 --> 01:01:21,800
I wonder so much.

719
01:01:21,800 --> 01:01:25,300
Are you happy
and are you well?

720
01:01:25,300 --> 01:01:29,300
All the immortal love
my soul has is with you...

721
01:01:29,300 --> 01:01:31,100
Ruth."

722
01:01:33,700 --> 01:01:36,200
<i>Early in June, 1924,</i>

723
01:01:36,200 --> 01:01:40,000
<i>two of Mallory's team,
Norton and Somervell,</i>

724
01:01:40,000 --> 01:01:45,800
<i>pushed on up the mountain,
but Everest forced them back.</i>

725
01:01:45,800 --> 01:01:49,500
<i>Snow-blind, Norton had
to be carried down.</i>

726
01:01:49,700 --> 01:01:52,300
<i>Somervell almost choked to death</i>

727
01:01:52,300 --> 01:01:55,300
<i>before coughing up
part of his frostbitten larynx.</i>

728
01:01:57,900 --> 01:02:01,000
<i>Clearly, it was time to go home.</i>

729
01:02:01,000 --> 01:02:04,400
<i>They were weak with exhaustion...</i>

730
01:02:04,400 --> 01:02:07,800
<i>The monsoon was due...</i>

731
01:02:07,800 --> 01:02:09,900
<i>But Mallory refused to give in.</i>

732
01:02:12,300 --> 01:02:14,300
"My dear girl,

733
01:02:14,400 --> 01:02:18,400
This has been
a bad time altogether...

734
01:02:18,400 --> 01:02:22,000
Perhaps it's mere folly
to go up again.

735
01:02:22,000 --> 01:02:25,500
But how can I be out of the hunt?

736
01:02:25,800 --> 01:02:30,200
Six days to the top
from this camp.

737
01:02:30,200 --> 01:02:34,000
It's 50 to 1 against,
but we'll have a whack yet

738
01:02:34,100 --> 01:02:37,100
and do ourselves proud.

739
01:02:37,200 --> 01:02:38,400
Great love to you,

740
01:02:38,500 --> 01:02:40,800
ever your loving George."

741
01:02:57,200 --> 01:03:00,300
The big question
is why George Mallory

742
01:03:00,300 --> 01:03:02,400
thought it was worth
one more shot.

743
01:03:02,400 --> 01:03:05,900
I think the way to reconcile
the overriding conflict in his life,

744
01:03:05,900 --> 01:03:08,300
was actually to climb the mountain
and be done with it

745
01:03:08,300 --> 01:03:11,000
and go home to Ruth
and say I've done it,

746
01:03:11,000 --> 01:03:14,000
it's over, now we can get on
with the rest of our lives.

747
01:03:15,200 --> 01:03:19,200
He knew that this was it.

748
01:03:19,200 --> 01:03:21,600
He couldn't
come back again later

749
01:03:21,800 --> 01:03:24,100
if he didn't get to the top.

750
01:03:24,100 --> 01:03:28,600
It would be impossible
to put Ruth through that again.

751
01:03:30,800 --> 01:03:33,600
"I must tell you, dearest one,

752
01:03:33,800 --> 01:03:38,300
I feel full of energy and strength.

753
01:03:38,300 --> 01:03:41,300
My plan will be to carry
as little as possible,

754
01:03:41,400 --> 01:03:44,000
go fast, and rush the summit."

755
01:03:53,900 --> 01:03:59,500
<i>Mallory now needed oxygen
and Irvine more than ever.</i>

756
01:03:59,500 --> 01:04:02,000
<i>He wanted his partner,</i>

757
01:04:02,000 --> 01:04:05,000
<i>now over the worst
of his altitude sickness,</i>

758
01:04:05,100 --> 01:04:08,400
<i>to apply his technical skills
to the final assault.</i>

759
01:04:10,400 --> 01:04:13,900
"Irvine has been brilliantly
skillful about the oxygen.

760
01:04:13,900 --> 01:04:17,100
He has practically
invented a new instrument."

761
01:04:20,600 --> 01:04:22,400
"Fifth of June...

762
01:04:22,500 --> 01:04:26,500
It will be a great triumph
if my impromptu apparatus

763
01:04:26,600 --> 01:04:29,300
gets us to the top.

764
01:04:29,300 --> 01:04:32,000
It has been
very trying for everyone

765
01:04:32,100 --> 01:04:35,900
with terribly strong
reflection off the snow.

766
01:04:36,000 --> 01:04:38,500
I've prepared
two oxygen apparatus

767
01:04:38,500 --> 01:04:41,300
for our start tomorrow morning."

768
01:04:44,400 --> 01:04:47,900
<i>These are the last words
written by Sandy Irvine.</i>

769
01:04:50,300 --> 01:04:51,700
He would have gone

770
01:04:51,900 --> 01:04:54,000
wherever Mallory would have
wanted him to go,

771
01:04:54,100 --> 01:04:57,200
and I'm quite sure
that he had every intention

772
01:04:57,200 --> 01:04:58,700
of coming back from the mountain

773
01:04:58,900 --> 01:05:01,300
with both feet, both legs,
both arms intact.

774
01:05:01,400 --> 01:05:05,000
I don't think
he even entertained, truly entertained,

775
01:05:05,000 --> 01:05:06,700
the idea that he would die.

776
01:05:06,900 --> 01:05:09,400
I think he believed that
he was indestructible.

777
01:05:13,300 --> 01:05:15,000
<i>Early on June the 6th,</i>

778
01:05:15,100 --> 01:05:19,200
<i>support climber Noel Odell
photographed Mallory and Irvine</i>

779
01:05:19,300 --> 01:05:22,000
<i>as they set out from the North Col.</i>

780
01:05:27,000 --> 01:05:30,200
<i>"Who could hold back
when such a victory,</i>

781
01:05:30,200 --> 01:05:35,500
such a triumph of human endeavor
was within their grasp."

782
01:05:39,000 --> 01:05:43,700
<i>"One must conquer, achieve,
get to the top...</i>

783
01:05:43,700 --> 01:05:48,500
to know there's no dream
that mustn't be dared."

784
01:05:58,000 --> 01:06:00,100
There's nothing on top
of Mount Everest.

785
01:06:00,200 --> 01:06:03,100
There's not a pot of gold.

786
01:06:03,100 --> 01:06:06,200
Well, why are we doing this?

787
01:06:06,300 --> 01:06:08,100
You want the glory.

788
01:06:08,100 --> 01:06:12,200
You want that feeling
of standing on top of the world.

789
01:06:16,000 --> 01:06:20,700
<i>Gambling on beating the monsoon,
Conrad makes his choice -</i>

790
01:06:20,700 --> 01:06:23,500
<i>to follow Mallory
up to the Second Step.</i>

791
01:06:26,300 --> 01:06:30,400
We're starting our summit bid
and it's the 10th of June.

792
01:06:30,400 --> 01:06:32,000
I think the 5th of June

793
01:06:32,100 --> 01:06:35,300
is the latest anyone's
ever climbed pre-monsoon.

794
01:06:35,300 --> 01:06:37,800
The clouds in the background
are an indication

795
01:06:38,000 --> 01:06:39,400
of the monsoon rolling in,

796
01:06:39,400 --> 01:06:43,300
so we're gonna play it by ear,
one day at a time,

797
01:06:43,300 --> 01:06:46,400
but this is our window.

798
01:07:12,800 --> 01:07:15,300
It's just ridiculously tiring,

799
01:07:15,300 --> 01:07:18,300
like it feels like
someone's taking the Michael...

800
01:07:18,300 --> 01:07:21,600
You take one step
and your head's in your hands.

801
01:07:50,400 --> 01:07:52,600
That is unreal, isn't it?

802
01:07:52,700 --> 01:07:55,200
It's like an out-of-body experience.

803
01:08:07,700 --> 01:08:10,800
<i>On June the 7th,
cameraman John Noel</i>

804
01:08:10,900 --> 01:08:14,600
<i>filmed the last images
of Mallory and Irvine.</i>

805
01:08:18,500 --> 01:08:22,600
<i>They were two miles above him
with their porters,</i>

806
01:08:22,700 --> 01:08:24,700
<i>climbing into the death zone,</i>

807
01:08:24,700 --> 01:08:26,500
<i>where the lack of oxygen</i>

808
01:08:26,500 --> 01:08:28,800
<i>makes it impossible
to function for long.</i>

809
01:08:31,600 --> 01:08:34,900
In the death zone,
above 26,000 feet,

810
01:08:35,100 --> 01:08:40,900
the body enters into
what is known as necrosis...

811
01:08:41,200 --> 01:08:42,900
<i>One is dying.</i>

812
01:08:47,200 --> 01:08:50,500
Humans weren't meant
to survive at this altitude,

813
01:08:50,600 --> 01:08:52,500
and you're on borrowed time.

814
01:08:57,700 --> 01:09:02,200
<i>As they enter the death zone,
Conrad and Leo use oxygen,</i>

815
01:09:02,200 --> 01:09:04,500
<i>like Mallory and Irvine before them.</i>

816
01:09:15,200 --> 01:09:16,400
I was just thinking,

817
01:09:16,500 --> 01:09:19,400
oh, the death zone -
this place isn't that bad.

818
01:09:19,500 --> 01:09:22,600
All of a sudden
the first of the dead bodies

819
01:09:22,700 --> 01:09:28,400
that we encountered
appeared right by the path.

820
01:09:28,500 --> 01:09:30,000
And it was a real...

821
01:09:30,200 --> 01:09:33,000
Where else do you
walk past a dead body?

822
01:09:33,200 --> 01:09:34,400
Unless you're in a war zone

823
01:09:34,500 --> 01:09:36,600
you're never going to
witness anything like that.

824
01:09:36,600 --> 01:09:38,400
It's such an extreme environment
up there

825
01:09:38,500 --> 01:09:40,600
that no one can
do anything about it,

826
01:09:40,600 --> 01:09:42,300
they can't bring them down.

827
01:09:49,500 --> 01:09:53,600
<i>High in the death zone,
some 2,000 feet below the summit,</i>

828
01:09:53,700 --> 01:09:57,400
<i>Mallory and Irvine
pitched their last camp.</i>

829
01:10:00,200 --> 01:10:02,900
<i>Here Mallory wrote
to cameraman John Noel,</i>

830
01:10:02,900 --> 01:10:06,700
<i>who was waiting further down
to film the moment of triumph.</i>

831
01:10:08,600 --> 01:10:09,800
"Dear Noel,

832
01:10:09,800 --> 01:10:13,600
We'll probably start early tomorrow
to have clear weather.

833
01:10:13,600 --> 01:10:15,600
Start looking out for us

834
01:10:15,600 --> 01:10:18,500
either crossing the rock band
under the pyramid

835
01:10:18,500 --> 01:10:21,300
or going up the skyline at 8 p.m."

836
01:10:23,300 --> 01:10:25,900
Clearly he meant to say 8 a.m.

837
01:10:30,800 --> 01:10:32,000
He was tired.

838
01:10:32,300 --> 01:10:34,500
He had been
on expedition for three months

839
01:10:34,600 --> 01:10:37,800
and now over three days
in the death zone.

840
01:10:57,800 --> 01:11:00,500
We knew the monsoon
was imminent.

841
01:11:00,600 --> 01:11:04,800
We only had a 12-hour window...

842
01:11:04,800 --> 01:11:07,700
We had to strike
while the iron was hot.

843
01:11:08,800 --> 01:11:11,600
You're so nervous
that I woke up

844
01:11:11,600 --> 01:11:14,800
before the alarm
and turned our headlamps on,

845
01:11:14,800 --> 01:11:17,100
got all the
layering systems set up.

846
01:11:17,300 --> 01:11:20,300
When you step out of the tent
it was a bit like a starting gate.

847
01:11:20,300 --> 01:11:21,700
I was ready to go.

848
01:11:22,300 --> 01:11:24,500
Leo was so excited,

849
01:11:24,500 --> 01:11:26,900
he had that boost
of summit energy.

850
01:11:27,000 --> 01:11:29,600
It's probably similar
to what Mallory and Irvine had

851
01:11:29,600 --> 01:11:31,700
on their summit day

852
01:11:31,700 --> 01:11:34,000
when they were there
within striking distance

853
01:11:34,000 --> 01:11:35,900
of the first ascent of Everest.

854
01:11:52,700 --> 01:11:56,800
Imagine the morning
of June 8, 1924...

855
01:11:58,900 --> 01:12:02,800
They're cold,
they've had a restless night of sleep.

856
01:12:05,100 --> 01:12:08,700
Compound this with
a lack of appetite,

857
01:12:08,800 --> 01:12:12,500
severe dehydration.

858
01:12:12,600 --> 01:12:14,600
Their bodies are wasted.

859
01:12:14,600 --> 01:12:17,600
Their mental faculties
are compromised.

860
01:12:17,600 --> 01:12:21,100
Simple things
become monumental chores.

861
01:12:37,400 --> 01:12:39,500
Twenty-eight thousand feet
is at the limit

862
01:12:39,600 --> 01:12:42,400
of what is humanly possible.

863
01:12:42,400 --> 01:12:47,900
Even with supplemental oxygen,
it's very, very desperate.

864
01:12:47,900 --> 01:12:51,200
And above them is a route
that no one has ever been on.

865
01:12:51,400 --> 01:12:52,800
And when you're the first,

866
01:12:52,800 --> 01:12:55,400
overcoming this sense
of the unknown

867
01:12:55,500 --> 01:12:57,500
is one of
the greatest challenges.

868
01:13:07,600 --> 01:13:09,200
Think about it:

869
01:13:09,400 --> 01:13:12,900
The anxiety, the fear, trepidation,

870
01:13:13,000 --> 01:13:16,400
combined with the exhilaration.

871
01:13:16,500 --> 01:13:20,800
All those things stirring around

872
01:13:20,800 --> 01:13:25,700
and held fast
by pain and suffering.

873
01:13:35,000 --> 01:13:38,700
<i>Mallory and Irvine
climbed the North Face,</i>

874
01:13:38,700 --> 01:13:40,700
<i>up towards the summit ridge,</i>

875
01:13:40,700 --> 01:13:42,900
<i>where the Second Step
blocked their path.</i>

876
01:13:48,100 --> 01:13:52,000
We got to the ridge
just on schedule, right after dawn.

877
01:13:55,900 --> 01:13:57,800
Absolutely wonderful.

878
01:14:30,500 --> 01:14:34,800
<i>At 12:50 on June 8, 1924,</i>

879
01:14:34,800 --> 01:14:39,100
<i>support climber Noel Odell
sighted Mallory and Irvine</i>

880
01:14:39,200 --> 01:14:41,000
<i>through a gap in the clouds.</i>

881
01:14:44,500 --> 01:14:48,900
"My eyes became fixed
on a tiny black dot,

882
01:14:49,000 --> 01:14:53,200
a short distance from the base
of the final pyramid.

883
01:14:53,200 --> 01:14:55,800
Another moved up to join it.

884
01:14:55,800 --> 01:15:00,600
They were moving expeditiously,
as if to make up for lost time.

885
01:15:00,700 --> 01:15:05,300
Then the whole
fascinating vision vanished,

886
01:15:05,500 --> 01:15:08,200
enveloped in a cloud."

887
01:15:13,900 --> 01:15:16,500
<i>Mallory and Irvine were missing.</i>

888
01:15:18,800 --> 01:15:21,800
<i>"No trace can be found...</i>

889
01:15:21,800 --> 01:15:23,700
Awaiting orders."

890
01:15:26,000 --> 01:15:29,100
<i>Instead of capturing
their victorious ascent,</i>

891
01:15:29,200 --> 01:15:33,700
<i>cameraman John Noel
had to film the search for them.</i>

892
01:15:37,800 --> 01:15:42,300
<i>Days later, blankets laid out
as a cross in the snow</i>

893
01:15:42,600 --> 01:15:46,200
<i>signaled the devastating news.</i>

894
01:15:46,200 --> 01:15:50,700
<i>Mallory and Irvine were lost,
presumed dead.</i>

895
01:16:06,700 --> 01:16:11,700
Mrs Mallory,
Herschel House, Cambridge...

896
01:16:11,700 --> 01:16:16,200
Committee deeply regret
receive bad news.

897
01:16:16,300 --> 01:16:20,200
Everest expedition today...

898
01:16:20,300 --> 01:16:22,200
Your husband killed...

899
01:16:22,300 --> 01:16:24,100
Last climb.

900
01:16:24,200 --> 01:16:27,700
Committee offer you and family
heartfelt sympathy.

901
01:16:32,200 --> 01:16:35,000
Ruth received
the news one evening.

902
01:16:35,000 --> 01:16:37,600
She decided not
to tell her children that night

903
01:16:37,700 --> 01:16:39,100
because they'd already gone to bed.

904
01:16:39,200 --> 01:16:41,100
She actually went to bed herself

905
01:16:41,100 --> 01:16:43,000
and slept with
that terrible knowledge,

906
01:16:43,000 --> 01:16:46,900
then in morning woke them up
and took them into her bed,

907
01:16:46,900 --> 01:16:49,300
and told them this terrible news.

908
01:16:51,000 --> 01:16:55,800
"George's spirit
was ready for another life,

909
01:16:55,800 --> 01:17:00,300
and his way of going to it
was very beautiful.

910
01:17:00,300 --> 01:17:04,200
I know so absolutely
he could not have failed

911
01:17:04,300 --> 01:17:08,200
in courage or self-sacrifice.

912
01:17:08,300 --> 01:17:11,900
If only it hadn't happened.

913
01:17:11,900 --> 01:17:14,000
It so easily might not have."

914
01:17:18,700 --> 01:17:24,800
<i>The golden age of exploration
had ended in tragedy.</i>

915
01:17:24,900 --> 01:17:29,100
<i>The fallen hero was
mourned by King and country.</i>

916
01:17:32,700 --> 01:17:35,200
It must have been
an extraordinary day,

917
01:17:35,300 --> 01:17:39,800
the bells ringing out
around Britain in mourning...

918
01:17:39,900 --> 01:17:43,500
And then
a memorial service in St Paul's,

919
01:17:43,700 --> 01:17:46,500
the mourners packing the pews

920
01:17:46,700 --> 01:17:48,800
and speeches given
in Mallory's honor.

921
01:17:54,400 --> 01:17:59,700
<i>Mallory, the man,
soon became Mallory, the legend.</i>

922
01:17:59,700 --> 01:18:06,200
<i>Many people were convinced
he had reached the top of Everest.</i>

923
01:18:06,300 --> 01:18:12,000
<i>But to summit, he would first have had
to free-climb the Second Step.</i>

924
01:18:14,300 --> 01:18:20,200
<i>On June 14th our expedition
reached the Second Step -</i>

925
01:18:20,300 --> 01:18:26,200
this formidable rock face that
stood between Mallory and the summit.

926
01:18:28,800 --> 01:18:32,100
The Sherpas cleared the fixed-ropes
and hauled the ladder away,

927
01:18:32,200 --> 01:18:36,200
restoring the Second Step
to what it was like in 1924.

928
01:18:42,200 --> 01:18:49,500
Goal is today, pull the ladders up
and climb it free -

929
01:18:49,800 --> 01:18:52,300
that is without the assistance
of the Chinese ladder.

930
01:19:20,100 --> 01:19:21,800
This whole time on the expedition

931
01:19:21,800 --> 01:19:25,600
I knew it was going to
come down to this half hour,

932
01:19:25,800 --> 01:19:30,000
on a cliff band at 28,300 feet.

933
01:19:30,100 --> 01:19:33,200
Could I do it in the form
that Mallory and Irvine

934
01:19:33,200 --> 01:19:36,000
would have encountered it,
free of any ladder,

935
01:19:36,100 --> 01:19:41,000
free of any rope,
free of any indication of man?

936
01:19:41,100 --> 01:19:44,000
You have the whole
North Face of Mount Everest

937
01:19:44,100 --> 01:19:47,200
all the way down to the
central Rongbuk glacier below you.

938
01:19:49,200 --> 01:19:51,900
Seven, eight-thousand feet of exposure.

939
01:19:52,000 --> 01:19:54,000
God, what am I doing?

940
01:20:08,000 --> 01:20:09,600
Just like Mallory and Irvine,

941
01:20:09,800 --> 01:20:12,100
Leo and I were tied together.

942
01:20:14,400 --> 01:20:16,200
It's the brotherhood of the rope.

943
01:20:32,100 --> 01:20:34,400
Imagine this...

944
01:20:34,400 --> 01:20:40,100
June 8, 1924.

945
01:21:17,000 --> 01:21:18,000
Whoa!

946
01:21:29,200 --> 01:21:30,700
You okay?

947
01:21:30,900 --> 01:21:32,300
Yeah...

948
01:21:32,400 --> 01:21:33,600
Man!

949
01:21:33,600 --> 01:21:36,200
What happened?

950
01:21:36,200 --> 01:21:37,500
Bad step.

951
01:21:40,300 --> 01:21:42,900
Had I not caught myself,

952
01:21:43,000 --> 01:21:46,000
there's a good chance
I could have fallen over the edge,

953
01:21:46,100 --> 01:21:48,200
pulled Leo off of the mountain

954
01:21:48,300 --> 01:21:52,000
and fallen 7,000 feet
to the central Rongbuk glacier.

955
01:21:54,100 --> 01:21:55,700
I think it shook him up somewhat

956
01:21:55,900 --> 01:21:58,200
and he ended up
spending quite a long time

957
01:21:58,200 --> 01:22:01,400
figuring out what to do next,
recomposing himself.

958
01:22:01,500 --> 01:22:03,500
I mean, I'd say at least 20 minutes.

959
01:22:04,500 --> 01:22:07,000
Want to stand on my shoulders?

960
01:22:08,400 --> 01:22:10,300
I'm going to give it another go.

961
01:22:14,200 --> 01:22:19,100
My job was to...
climb the Second Step.

962
01:22:19,200 --> 01:22:23,100
I knew that I had to
try it from a different angle.

963
01:23:39,600 --> 01:23:41,200
<i>Okay...</i>

964
01:23:41,200 --> 01:23:42,400
High step...

965
01:24:12,200 --> 01:24:14,200
I think I got it, Leo.

966
01:24:14,300 --> 01:24:15,600
<i>I think I got it...</i>

967
01:24:22,300 --> 01:24:23,700
Aaaahhh!

968
01:24:56,200 --> 01:24:59,700
After eight years
of keeping me awake at night

969
01:24:59,700 --> 01:25:05,900
and being the 90 feet of climbing
that I had to get done...

970
01:25:06,100 --> 01:25:07,700
I got the Second Step.

971
01:25:19,300 --> 01:25:20,500
I can't breathe.

972
01:25:24,300 --> 01:25:28,700
I realized that my toes
had gone completely numb.

973
01:25:28,700 --> 01:25:31,300
My biggest fear
through this whole experience

974
01:25:31,300 --> 01:25:34,800
has been getting frostbite
in my toes.

975
01:25:34,900 --> 01:25:38,200
I was just concerned about
getting to the top of the Second Step

976
01:25:38,200 --> 01:25:39,900
as quickly as I possibly could.

977
01:25:48,200 --> 01:25:51,300
I thought about Mallory.

978
01:25:51,400 --> 01:25:53,900
<i>Our ascent of the Second Step</i>

979
01:25:53,900 --> 01:25:58,500
opens up the possibility
that they could have pulled it off.

980
01:26:02,500 --> 01:26:05,000
Earlier I was under the impression
that the Second Step

981
01:26:05,200 --> 01:26:08,600
was an impossibility
for climbers of that time.

982
01:26:08,600 --> 01:26:11,400
Now I'm changed on that.

983
01:26:11,500 --> 01:26:14,800
They definitely were
capable of doing it.

984
01:26:17,200 --> 01:26:21,600
The Second Step is not too much
of an obstacle for them to overcome.

985
01:26:46,400 --> 01:26:49,000
They were determined,

986
01:26:49,200 --> 01:26:53,500
and if they were strong
and they were moving quickly,

987
01:26:53,500 --> 01:26:55,900
there's a chance
they made it to the top.

988
01:26:58,900 --> 01:27:01,000
"Dear one,

989
01:27:01,300 --> 01:27:05,600
I will be thinking of you
as you set off for the summit.

990
01:27:05,700 --> 01:27:09,000
I know you can achieve
your wildest dream."

991
01:27:28,300 --> 01:27:31,400
"If we get within
200 yards or so

992
01:27:31,400 --> 01:27:33,500
of the top of Everest,

993
01:27:33,600 --> 01:27:37,600
we shall go...

994
01:27:37,700 --> 01:27:41,900
And if it's a one-way ticket,
so be it."

995
01:28:34,900 --> 01:28:38,600
Eight years after I found
the body of George Mallory,

996
01:28:38,600 --> 01:28:41,400
the circle is complete.

997
01:28:46,800 --> 01:28:50,500
A few hours before
the monsoon closed in,

998
01:28:50,500 --> 01:28:53,900
Leo and I summitted Mount Everest.

999
01:28:57,700 --> 01:29:02,100
And we have shown
that these could have been

1000
01:29:02,100 --> 01:29:05,600
Mallory and Irvine's final footsteps.

1001
01:29:16,900 --> 01:29:22,200
"Is this the summit crowning the day?

1002
01:29:22,400 --> 01:29:27,000
How cool and how quiet...

1003
01:29:27,100 --> 01:29:32,900
Have we vanquished an enemy?

1004
01:29:33,000 --> 01:29:35,500
None but ourselves?"

