1 00:00:05,000 --> 00:00:15,000 Visit www.Fastbet99.club Trusted Trusted Online Gambling Agent 2 00:00:05,000 --> 00:00:15,000 New Member Bonus 500 Thousand 10 Million Cashback Parlay 3 00:00:19,144 --> 00:00:21,313 Roger, we see it, Jack. 4 00:00:21,355 --> 00:00:23,440 And, uh, we got readings, uh, 5 00:00:23,482 --> 00:00:27,486 minus two degrees in the docking index. 6 00:00:27,528 --> 00:00:32,616 We want to know if it's 2.0 right or whether it's 2.1 or 1.9. 7 00:00:35,035 --> 00:00:37,913 No, that's minus 2.0 right. 8 00:00:37,955 --> 00:00:45,379 CAPCOM looks like the last item we need to hear stir on H2 and O2 at their convenience. 9 00:00:45,420 --> 00:00:46,630 Good. 10 00:00:52,553 --> 00:00:54,722 13, we have one more item for you, 11 00:00:54,763 --> 00:00:57,098 when you get a chance, we want you to do it stir your cryo tube. 12 00:00:58,392 --> 00:01:00,310 In addition, it has a shaft in front of you... 13 00:01:00,352 --> 00:01:02,229 Good. 14 00:01:02,270 --> 00:01:04,940 ... to see the center if you need it. 15 00:01:04,982 --> 00:01:06,567 Okay, get ready. 16 00:01:13,741 --> 00:01:16,243 Hey, Houston, we have a problem here. 17 00:01:16,284 --> 00:01:17,870 We have more problems. 18 00:01:17,912 --> 00:01:20,080 Okay, listen. Look, all of you. 19 00:01:20,121 --> 00:01:22,583 We lose one fuel cell and two pressures. 20 00:01:26,420 --> 00:01:28,756 Uh, Houston, we have a problem, 21 00:01:28,797 --> 00:01:30,758 Get ready. They have a problem. 22 00:01:30,799 --> 00:01:32,676 Main B bus undervolt. 23 00:01:32,718 --> 00:01:34,553 Roger. The main Undervolt B. 24 00:01:35,637 --> 00:01:37,556 Stand by, 13. We are looking at it. 25 00:01:53,822 --> 00:01:55,824 We have a pretty big bang 26 00:01:55,866 --> 00:01:59,119 related to warning lights and warnings. 27 00:02:10,547 --> 00:02:12,925 What is in our minds is, 28 00:02:12,967 --> 00:02:14,969 "We are far from home". 29 00:02:16,595 --> 00:02:18,472 We were hit with something we didn't expect, 30 00:02:18,513 --> 00:02:20,390 we were hit with something we just got, 31 00:02:20,432 --> 00:02:24,519 in our wildest imagination or what if you think, they never thought. 32 00:02:27,064 --> 00:02:30,150 That damn room is seriously confused. 33 00:02:32,903 --> 00:02:37,992 And it takes a while to come that conclusion, but it's true, 34 00:02:38,033 --> 00:02:40,953 and I am not sure that Mission Control knows what to do at that time. 35 00:02:42,454 --> 00:02:45,457 I said, "Chris, we're in big trouble". 36 00:02:45,499 --> 00:02:50,504 We are still trying to understand the total scope of this problem. 37 00:02:50,545 --> 00:02:52,131 One of our fuel cells is dead, 38 00:02:52,171 --> 00:02:54,591 the second is dying, 39 00:02:54,633 --> 00:02:56,969 and from the point of view of everything we have... 40 00:02:57,011 --> 00:02:58,762 You know, it's not a possibility. 41 00:02:58,804 --> 00:03:02,141 I mean, it's not a survival situation, but the crew survived. 42 00:03:04,351 --> 00:03:06,770 The key for me is time. 43 00:03:06,812 --> 00:03:08,563 We need time to think. 44 00:03:09,815 --> 00:03:11,692 We need to attract this team with 45 00:03:11,733 --> 00:03:13,735 doing something that has never been done before. 46 00:04:36,610 --> 00:04:39,196 And, Team Peake, when you work your way 47 00:04:39,238 --> 00:04:41,322 around the caster pole there, 48 00:04:41,364 --> 00:04:42,616 Don't hesitate to look at the load path 49 00:04:42,657 --> 00:04:44,284 and get some situational awareness... 50 00:04:44,325 --> 00:04:46,369 When I try to explain to someone 51 00:04:46,411 --> 00:04:47,955 what I do for life, I always have to ask, 52 00:04:47,996 --> 00:04:50,290 Have you ever watched a movie & apos; Apollo 13? 53 00:04:50,331 --> 00:04:52,375 You know, the big room where everyone is sitting? 54 00:04:52,417 --> 00:04:54,795 That is where I sit, that's what I do. 55 00:04:54,836 --> 00:04:56,671 When you describe your work, 56 00:04:56,713 --> 00:04:58,048 they ask, "What are you doing at NASA?" 57 00:04:58,090 --> 00:04:59,507 And I said, "I am the Director of Flight", 58 00:04:59,549 --> 00:05:01,843 and they see me confused, 59 00:05:01,885 --> 00:05:02,925 and I say, 60 00:05:03,025 --> 00:05:05,472 "You know, a man with a vest and a cut is cut?" 61 00:05:05,513 --> 00:05:08,475 I, uh, have the opportunity to meet some of them. 62 00:05:08,516 --> 00:05:11,812 I really admire everything they stand for 63 00:05:11,853 --> 00:05:13,521 and what they can achieve. 64 00:05:13,563 --> 00:05:15,816 I think it's amazing, um, 65 00:05:15,857 --> 00:05:19,194 from nothing they build this great institution. 66 00:05:19,236 --> 00:05:22,239 Okay understand that. This is a ventilation tube in the middle. 67 00:05:22,281 --> 00:05:23,615 We will not be here today 68 00:05:23,657 --> 00:05:26,285 without the achievements made by these people 69 00:05:26,326 --> 00:05:28,453 and the steps they take 70 00:05:28,495 --> 00:05:31,581 in taking us to the path of human space flight. 71 00:05:31,623 --> 00:05:33,583 Yes, we will leave you there. 72 00:05:33,625 --> 00:05:35,043 Good. Understood. 73 00:05:35,085 --> 00:05:36,753 People who have worked at NASA 74 00:05:36,795 --> 00:05:39,173 and especially people in the Apollo era 75 00:05:39,214 --> 00:05:41,508 make it a point to come and talk to us 76 00:05:41,549 --> 00:05:44,303 to ensure that we really understand the job 77 00:05:44,343 --> 00:05:46,305 which we are preparing, 78 00:05:46,345 --> 00:05:48,723 and share their experiences with us. 79 00:05:50,225 --> 00:05:53,645 So we are all very grateful to our founders. 80 00:06:20,255 --> 00:06:24,509 I grew up in Oklahoma and Texas, 81 00:06:24,551 --> 00:06:29,223 and I used to sit outside at night and I looked at the moon. 82 00:06:29,264 --> 00:06:31,933 It never occurred to me... 83 00:06:33,768 --> 00:06:36,188 that we will land people there. 84 00:06:37,856 --> 00:06:41,360 I still go out and I like to watch the moon, 85 00:06:41,400 --> 00:06:46,740 but I don't see it in the same way as I did when I grew up. 86 00:06:46,781 --> 00:06:48,575 This is a different month for me now. 87 00:06:53,288 --> 00:06:56,166 My childhood was directed by my drunk father, 88 00:06:56,208 --> 00:07:00,254 and he is a basket, and he is a gambler. 89 00:07:02,547 --> 00:07:05,050 I left Philadelphia where we finally lived, 90 00:07:05,092 --> 00:07:07,802 and when I was 18, I said, "I already have it". 91 00:07:07,844 --> 00:07:10,097 "I came out of this hell", and I joined the Army. 92 00:07:11,681 --> 00:07:13,100 And they make me a weather expert. 93 00:07:13,141 --> 00:07:14,768 Of all things. 94 00:07:17,020 --> 00:07:19,231 When I became a senior in high school, 95 00:07:19,273 --> 00:07:21,608 I think I took a talent test, 96 00:07:21,649 --> 00:07:26,905 and it is said that I must be good a funeral director or an engineer. 97 00:07:26,947 --> 00:07:31,576 So I went to the library and checked out a book called "What Engineers Do", 98 00:07:31,618 --> 00:07:34,662 and that really tickles me, and I say, 99 00:07:34,704 --> 00:07:37,707 That's what I want. "I want to be an engineer". 100 00:07:40,627 --> 00:07:43,422 I was born in a small town in Pennsylvania, 101 00:07:43,463 --> 00:07:45,465 coal mining city. 102 00:07:45,506 --> 00:07:48,093 My father worked in a coal mine for a while. 103 00:07:50,304 --> 00:07:53,598 But growing up, I was truly fascinated with airplanes, 104 00:07:53,640 --> 00:07:55,475 so I built many aircraft models 105 00:07:55,516 --> 00:07:56,768 and I hang them from the ceiling. 106 00:07:56,810 --> 00:07:58,270 Small Balsa, 107 00:07:58,312 --> 00:08:00,772 learn how to put paper around them and shrink it. 108 00:08:00,814 --> 00:08:03,358 Uh, and, you know, they look good. 109 00:08:03,400 --> 00:08:08,113 Aviation factories need men to design future planes. 110 00:08:08,155 --> 00:08:10,740 I went to Virginia Tech during World War II. 111 00:08:12,075 --> 00:08:15,662 I'm studying mechanical engineering, 112 00:08:15,703 --> 00:08:19,374 but I want to be a baseball player, not an engineer, 113 00:08:20,500 --> 00:08:22,294 but I know I'm not good enough. 114 00:08:26,006 --> 00:08:28,216 I think I will become this great baseball player, 115 00:08:28,258 --> 00:08:29,426 which I don't. 116 00:08:29,468 --> 00:08:31,345 You know, I'm not going anywhere. 117 00:08:31,386 --> 00:08:35,890 Somehow I finally went to this junior college, 118 00:08:31,386 --> 00:08:35,890 learning merchandising. 119 00:08:35,932 --> 00:08:38,059 I spent two years there, 120 00:08:38,101 --> 00:08:41,480 I really didn't learn much, even about merchandising. 121 00:08:41,521 --> 00:08:44,107 I learned how to smoke, smoke cigars, 122 00:08:44,149 --> 00:08:48,153 drinking whiskey and chasing women. That's what I learned. 123 00:08:48,195 --> 00:08:49,988 And I do a good job to learn it. 124 00:08:51,823 --> 00:08:53,992 And then everything changes. 125 00:09:03,543 --> 00:09:06,713 There is something new in heaven, 126 00:09:07,964 --> 00:09:11,134 something that has never existed before. 127 00:09:14,554 --> 00:09:18,058 This surrounds the Earth once every 96 minutes. 128 00:09:21,353 --> 00:09:23,230 This is called Sputnik. 129 00:09:25,065 --> 00:09:27,442 I remember Sputnik. 130 00:09:27,484 --> 00:09:30,237 That's in an English class, 131 00:09:30,278 --> 00:09:31,696 speakers come 132 00:09:31,738 --> 00:09:34,199 and the principal announces what has happened, 133 00:09:34,241 --> 00:09:38,786 and Russia has put spacecraft or objects into space. 134 00:09:40,705 --> 00:09:42,790 I remember driving along the road, 135 00:09:42,832 --> 00:09:44,209 and when I heard that on the news 136 00:09:44,251 --> 00:09:47,546 and I thought, "What? What is this?" 137 00:09:49,881 --> 00:09:51,799 And we say, "Sacred-Moly", you know, 138 00:09:51,841 --> 00:09:53,385 These people are in front of us. 139 00:09:53,427 --> 00:09:56,263 They get man-made satellites. 140 00:09:56,304 --> 00:10:00,934 And then shortly after, uh, when Gagarin flew. 141 00:10:00,975 --> 00:10:03,895 That is a propaganda coup this year. 142 00:10:03,937 --> 00:10:06,814 And obviously we all know we are racing. 143 00:10:06,856 --> 00:10:09,817 After Russian flights, US plans are accelerated. 144 00:10:09,859 --> 00:10:14,155 Commander Alan B. Shepard is sent on a suborbital flight, 145 00:10:09,859 --> 00:10:14,155 unlike Russia... 146 00:10:14,197 --> 00:10:17,033 And when Kennedy put the challenge 147 00:10:17,075 --> 00:10:20,287 which let's go to the moon and go back and do it in a decade, 148 00:10:20,328 --> 00:10:22,497 I remember, I wasn't even in the space program, 149 00:10:22,539 --> 00:10:25,708 but I remember thinking, "Can it be done?" 150 00:10:25,750 --> 00:10:28,711 There are no single space projects in this period 151 00:10:28,753 --> 00:10:31,005 will be more impressive for humanity, 152 00:10:31,047 --> 00:10:34,926 or more important for long-distance exploration, 153 00:10:34,968 --> 00:10:38,679 and nothing will be so difficult or expensive to solve. 154 00:10:38,721 --> 00:10:42,850 President Kennedy has mapped our direction. 155 00:10:42,892 --> 00:10:45,520 Men landing on the moon... 156 00:10:46,938 --> 00:10:48,565 ... before the end of this decade. 157 00:10:57,824 --> 00:11:02,412 We don't know anything about going to the moon, 158 00:11:02,454 --> 00:11:04,998 about the environment we are headed for, 159 00:11:05,039 --> 00:11:09,961 or mechanical aspects what will be needed from us. 160 00:11:11,963 --> 00:11:13,881 These things are quite complicated. 161 00:11:15,216 --> 00:11:18,136 They might not look complicated today, 162 00:11:18,178 --> 00:11:20,514 but they are very complicated at that time. 163 00:11:28,522 --> 00:11:31,650 The background of flight control is really 164 00:11:31,690 --> 00:11:37,572 what we originally did in flight tests, testing airplanes. 165 00:11:39,449 --> 00:11:43,453 At Edwards Air Force Base, NACA where I work, 166 00:11:43,495 --> 00:11:47,541 is responsible for testing X-1. 167 00:11:47,582 --> 00:11:52,379 So, it's almost natural to have someone on the ground 168 00:11:52,420 --> 00:11:56,633 monitor the X-1 system, make sure it's ready to fly 169 00:11:56,675 --> 00:12:01,804 from base B-29. 170 00:12:11,730 --> 00:12:17,571 And they can then monitor vehicle performance, 171 00:12:18,821 --> 00:12:22,242 but also trial performance. 172 00:12:27,788 --> 00:12:31,501 That is my flight test concept 173 00:12:31,543 --> 00:12:34,170 and that became my concept of flight control. 174 00:12:37,048 --> 00:12:40,218 Okay, now what does space flight mean to us? 175 00:12:40,260 --> 00:12:43,930 How we will make such a system 176 00:12:43,971 --> 00:12:47,517 which will allow us to get that kind of information and talk to the crew? 177 00:12:47,559 --> 00:12:49,227 That's a very big job. 178 00:12:49,269 --> 00:12:52,063 We don't have any building, we don't have radar, 179 00:12:52,105 --> 00:12:53,772 we don't have telemetry, 180 00:12:53,814 --> 00:12:56,901 we don't have voice communication. 181 00:12:56,943 --> 00:13:00,447 And we finally said, "This is our requirement". 182 00:13:00,488 --> 00:13:03,241 We must tell them they must have a computer. 183 00:13:04,242 --> 00:13:05,577 What is a computer? 184 00:13:05,619 --> 00:13:08,787 That's almost as much as we don't know. 185 00:13:10,123 --> 00:13:12,333 That is not something we decided suddenly. 186 00:13:12,375 --> 00:13:15,462 We have a control center, we have these stations, 187 00:13:15,503 --> 00:13:17,171 and we will fly. 188 00:13:17,213 --> 00:13:18,423 That's not what happened. 189 00:13:19,840 --> 00:13:22,427 It develops over time. 190 00:13:22,469 --> 00:13:24,845 That's kind of an evolutionary thing. 191 00:13:27,348 --> 00:13:31,394 Chris is the creator of Mission Control. 192 00:13:31,436 --> 00:13:34,855 His is the first sound we hear, 193 00:13:34,897 --> 00:13:38,318 and he is the foundation for what becomes Mission Control 194 00:13:38,359 --> 00:13:42,447 and the relationship with the crew and flight itself. 195 00:13:42,489 --> 00:13:45,824 There is never a question who is responsible... 196 00:13:45,866 --> 00:13:48,827 because he has a persona, he has an attitude, 197 00:13:48,869 --> 00:13:51,790 He has speed, he has mental skills 198 00:13:51,830 --> 00:13:54,083 needed to pull this team together. 199 00:13:55,543 --> 00:13:59,380 He has a way about him that he can see 200 00:13:59,422 --> 00:14:02,175 what happened, what was needed, 201 00:14:02,216 --> 00:14:06,012 and think about what we have to do to satisfy that need. 202 00:14:06,053 --> 00:14:09,432 ... Two, one, fire. 203 00:14:28,868 --> 00:14:31,412 Oh, the scenery is amazing. 204 00:14:38,961 --> 00:14:44,634 On the Cape, it's a rather old steam engine 205 00:14:38,961 --> 00:14:44,634 rather display. 206 00:14:44,676 --> 00:14:47,387 You have many small meters. 207 00:14:47,428 --> 00:14:50,056 To read pressure and temperature, 208 00:14:50,097 --> 00:14:52,475 and the amount of fuel and things like that. 209 00:14:56,979 --> 00:15:00,233 When we get the goal to go to the moon, 210 00:15:00,274 --> 00:15:03,444 it's really a step that is far greater than Mercury. 211 00:15:05,572 --> 00:15:09,950 Be the path to building a Control Center in Houston, 212 00:15:09,992 --> 00:15:14,163 complete it for the digital era, and make it work like that, 213 00:15:14,205 --> 00:15:16,666 is a big step for us from what we have done 214 00:15:16,708 --> 00:15:18,585 at the Control Center on the Cape. 215 00:15:21,588 --> 00:15:24,173 One thousand five hundred miles west of Cape Kennedy, 216 00:15:24,215 --> 00:15:26,300 the heart of the whole project, 217 00:15:26,342 --> 00:15:30,638 Center for Manned Spacecraft in Houston, Texas. 218 00:15:30,680 --> 00:15:34,308 And where the building is behind me all major decisions are made throughout the flight. 219 00:15:34,350 --> 00:15:35,518 Mission Control. 220 00:15:37,520 --> 00:15:39,606 From launch until it falls down, 221 00:15:39,647 --> 00:15:43,610 in this room 17 key people whose average age is only 30 222 00:15:43,651 --> 00:15:46,571 will supervise and control the Apollo Mission. 223 00:15:46,613 --> 00:15:49,073 They will be assisted in their assignments 224 00:15:49,115 --> 00:15:51,117 by a continuous flow of information 225 00:15:51,158 --> 00:15:54,328 pour into this room 24 hours a day from outer space 226 00:15:54,370 --> 00:15:56,623 and from tracking stations around the world. 227 00:15:56,664 --> 00:15:58,541 From this screen panel behind me, 228 00:15:58,583 --> 00:16:00,418 they will be able to call anything 229 00:16:00,460 --> 00:16:04,088 from direct television images of Cape Kennedy, 230 00:16:00,460 --> 00:16:04,088 or a recovery vessel, 231 00:16:04,130 --> 00:16:06,466 to the moon map, like that, 232 00:16:06,507 --> 00:16:10,261 to the circuit diagram of the smallest transistor 233 00:16:06,507 --> 00:16:10,261 above the spaceship. 234 00:16:10,303 --> 00:16:15,558 All controllers in this room will be assisted by six rooms 235 00:16:10,303 --> 00:16:15,558 full of backup staff. 236 00:16:17,560 --> 00:16:20,939 So, we need a lot of people. 237 00:16:20,980 --> 00:16:25,318 We are looking for people with certain abilities: 238 00:16:25,359 --> 00:16:28,780 mathematical abilities, system capabilities, 239 00:16:28,822 --> 00:16:31,073 communication skills, continue and continue. 240 00:16:32,784 --> 00:16:35,161 I have become an air traffic controller. 241 00:16:36,203 --> 00:16:37,580 One day the phone rings 242 00:16:37,622 --> 00:16:40,500 and that is a man here in Houston 243 00:16:40,541 --> 00:16:42,168 and he began to tell me that they were recruiting 244 00:16:42,209 --> 00:16:45,045 every engineer who walks in the door. 245 00:16:45,087 --> 00:16:46,464 And the next thing I know, 246 00:16:46,506 --> 00:16:49,968 I'm driving to Houston in my Austin Healey sports car 247 00:16:50,009 --> 00:16:53,012 with my black and white TV and clothes. 248 00:16:53,053 --> 00:16:55,640 * Come and do a trip * 249 00:16:55,682 --> 00:16:57,308 * In my rocket ship * 250 00:16:57,350 --> 00:17:00,394 * We will have a beautiful afternoon * 251 00:17:00,436 --> 00:17:02,229 * Kiss the world goodbye * 252 00:17:02,271 --> 00:17:04,649 * And we go flying * 253 00:17:04,691 --> 00:17:06,901 * Destination Month * 254 00:17:06,943 --> 00:17:08,987 * Travel as fast as light * 255 00:17:09,028 --> 00:17:10,780 * Until we are lost from view * 256 00:17:10,822 --> 00:17:13,867 * Earth like a toy balloon * 257 00:17:13,908 --> 00:17:15,451 * Well, the sensation you get * 258 00:17:15,493 --> 00:17:18,371 * Up with a jet... * 259 00:17:18,412 --> 00:17:21,875 I work at McDonnell Aircraft doing electrical designs, 260 00:17:21,916 --> 00:17:24,126 so I am set with a promise 261 00:17:24,168 --> 00:17:27,338 and fill out the application form 262 00:17:24,168 --> 00:17:27,338 works for NASA. 263 00:17:27,380 --> 00:17:29,423 About three months later, 264 00:17:29,465 --> 00:17:32,635 I go home one day and there is a telegram 265 00:17:29,465 --> 00:17:32,635 under my door, 266 00:17:32,677 --> 00:17:34,220 job offer. 267 00:17:35,847 --> 00:17:37,097 Look, I think when I register 268 00:17:37,139 --> 00:17:38,850 I will only get an interview maybe. 269 00:17:38,892 --> 00:17:41,019 Maybe that's what I told my wife. 270 00:17:41,060 --> 00:17:43,980 But when the telegram arrives, it is an offer, 271 00:17:44,022 --> 00:17:47,358 and that is an offer for more money than 272 00:17:44,022 --> 00:17:47,358 a village boy who has been seen, 273 00:17:47,400 --> 00:17:51,153 $ 6,770 a year. 274 00:17:53,573 --> 00:17:57,744 My first job was to provide a Mission Control tour, 275 00:17:57,785 --> 00:18:02,040 and the Control Center is only equipped with a console. 276 00:18:02,081 --> 00:18:03,833 Because I am a tour guide, 277 00:18:03,875 --> 00:18:08,671 I have the opportunity to meet people who will go 278 00:18:03,875 --> 00:18:08,671 man console, 279 00:18:08,713 --> 00:18:11,340 and I say "man" because there are no women, they are all men. 280 00:18:11,382 --> 00:18:16,012 And they will run it console and make a decision, 281 00:18:16,054 --> 00:18:17,638 and they don't have much time 282 00:18:17,680 --> 00:18:19,724 but they tell me a little what they will do, 283 00:18:19,766 --> 00:18:23,352 at least what is the basic job of each position. 284 00:18:23,394 --> 00:18:27,189 The front bank of this console, which is known locally as Trench, 285 00:18:27,231 --> 00:18:29,191 maybe because it's on the front line, 286 00:18:29,233 --> 00:18:31,193 This is where Rocket Men sit. 287 00:18:31,235 --> 00:18:34,697 It's their job to monitor and inspect every machine 288 00:18:31,235 --> 00:18:34,697 on the spaceship 289 00:18:34,739 --> 00:18:38,242 shooting correctly and pushing Apollo 290 00:18:34,739 --> 00:18:38,242 in the right direction. 291 00:18:38,284 --> 00:18:41,829 Right behind them here, Flight Surgeon. 292 00:18:41,871 --> 00:18:44,999 The console has two normal screens like the others, 293 00:18:45,041 --> 00:18:47,043 but here in the middle, on this screen 294 00:18:47,085 --> 00:18:49,503 he can monitor the physical state of the astronauts 295 00:18:49,545 --> 00:18:51,798 second by second throughout the flight. 296 00:18:51,839 --> 00:18:54,550 Next to it is the Communicator Capsule. 297 00:18:54,592 --> 00:18:56,052 Astronot itself, 298 00:18:56,094 --> 00:18:58,972 he is trained with a crew and speaks jargon astronaut, 299 00:18:59,013 --> 00:19:01,265 and act as a kind of translator 300 00:19:01,307 --> 00:19:05,728 when a very difficult order must occur pass from Flight Control to crew. 301 00:19:05,770 --> 00:19:08,064 Next to it, along this console bank, 302 00:19:08,106 --> 00:19:11,484 people who check all systems 303 00:19:08,106 --> 00:19:11,484 on a spaceship. 304 00:19:11,525 --> 00:19:15,529 And behind them all, the boss, the Flight Director himself. 305 00:19:15,571 --> 00:19:17,657 He coordinates the efforts of everyone 306 00:19:17,698 --> 00:19:21,119 and use it to assume responsibility for minute minute decisions 307 00:19:21,160 --> 00:19:23,245 on mission conditions in all flights. 308 00:19:43,850 --> 00:19:46,978 And hey, we got a new program called Gemini. 309 00:19:51,024 --> 00:19:53,151 Why do we get Gemini? 310 00:19:53,192 --> 00:19:56,154 Well, with all the things we have to do go to moo and start thinking about it, 311 00:19:56,195 --> 00:19:58,156 we have to do some tests. 312 00:19:59,866 --> 00:20:03,410 We must do some things that prove we can do this. 313 00:20:03,452 --> 00:20:07,957 Five, four, three, two, 314 00:20:07,999 --> 00:20:09,667 one, fire. 315 00:20:26,017 --> 00:20:29,687 And there are side benefits it's also very important 316 00:20:29,729 --> 00:20:32,356 because the land must learn how to operate it. 317 00:20:32,398 --> 00:20:35,526 Gemini is the place to prove this Chris Kraft approaches Mission Control. 318 00:20:35,568 --> 00:20:41,741 So for teams in the Control Center, Gemini is a big step. 319 00:20:50,249 --> 00:20:55,337 Each mission has a very clear set of goals. 320 00:21:08,809 --> 00:21:12,813 First of all, you can survive in space. 321 00:21:12,855 --> 00:21:15,524 Second, you can stay there for a long time. 322 00:21:15,566 --> 00:21:17,860 And then, meeting on EVA. 323 00:21:19,070 --> 00:21:21,822 Space runs and all these things. 324 00:21:23,741 --> 00:21:25,826 By the time we leave Gemini, 325 00:21:31,916 --> 00:21:34,376 we have a group of people who are very tested. 326 00:21:34,418 --> 00:21:39,966 327 00:21:40,007 --> 00:21:43,136 And when we arrived at Apollo, we had to blow it up. 328 00:21:43,177 --> 00:21:47,306 You know, make it... it must be bigger. 329 00:21:47,347 --> 00:21:53,771 So, we are ready to take the rigors and the difficulties that Apollo has given us. 330 00:22:15,960 --> 00:22:18,504 Moon is the first step needed for planetary exploration. 331 00:22:18,545 --> 00:22:20,464 To fly people there and restore them safely in this decade 332 00:22:20,506 --> 00:22:23,759 is the goal of the NASA, Apollo project. 333 00:22:23,801 --> 00:22:26,595 Mercury's initial mission, 334 00:22:26,637 --> 00:22:28,472 and experience from Gemini, 335 00:22:28,514 --> 00:22:30,516 has brought this country to the next major milestone: 336 00:22:30,557 --> 00:22:33,769 Apollo's first three space flight. 337 00:22:33,811 --> 00:22:36,647 These are the people who fly the mission: 338 00:22:36,689 --> 00:22:39,066 Command Pilot Virgil Grissom. 339 00:22:39,108 --> 00:22:41,401 I know Gus Grissom is very good. 340 00:22:41,443 --> 00:22:44,071 I know Ed White quite well. 341 00:22:46,364 --> 00:22:49,076 I don't know Roger Chaffee at all. 342 00:22:49,118 --> 00:22:51,954 343 00:22:53,413 --> 00:22:55,082 I know their family, 344 00:22:57,084 --> 00:22:59,879 I know their abilities, 345 00:22:59,920 --> 00:23:04,008 I know them... what drives astronauts. 346 00:23:04,050 --> 00:23:06,927 Saturn rockets, Apollo spacecraft, 347 00:23:06,969 --> 00:23:10,848 and all component parts have been tested and retested. 348 00:23:10,890 --> 00:23:13,517 Everything is almost ready, including the crew, 349 00:23:13,559 --> 00:23:17,021 for the first three-person space flight in the country. 350 00:23:25,403 --> 00:23:29,449 At Apollo 1, we try to get the first manned flight, 351 00:23:29,491 --> 00:23:32,494 and that is encouragement, it's clear... 352 00:23:32,536 --> 00:23:36,374 That usually happens at the beginning of the program, 353 00:23:36,414 --> 00:23:38,667 and we have problems with spacecraft. 354 00:23:38,709 --> 00:23:41,587 We know that there is poor workmanship. 355 00:23:41,628 --> 00:23:45,632 We know that the wire is open. 356 00:23:45,674 --> 00:23:47,718 My introduction to the Apollo 357 00:23:47,760 --> 00:23:49,511 program after I left Gemini 358 00:23:49,553 --> 00:23:53,557 is that they do a direct pad test 359 00:23:53,599 --> 00:23:56,936 with crew in flight conditions 360 00:23:56,977 --> 00:24:00,689 on the pad at the launch location at Kennedy. 361 00:24:03,483 --> 00:24:06,695 Most of the activities are directed by Cape. 362 00:24:06,737 --> 00:24:10,032 I mean, those responsible for that. We only monitor. 363 00:24:10,074 --> 00:24:11,867 But Tanjung is really responsible for that, 364 00:24:11,909 --> 00:24:15,788 so I don't know whether they feel any pressure to get the test done or not. 365 00:24:18,416 --> 00:24:22,211 How to hatch is designed, sealed from the inside. 366 00:24:23,461 --> 00:24:25,756 They are buttoned on the spaceship 367 00:24:25,798 --> 00:24:29,676 at 16 pounds per square inch of pure oxygen. 368 00:24:29,718 --> 00:24:35,099 I don't think any of us are recognized seriousness of danger 369 00:24:35,141 --> 00:24:36,809 we have included the crew. 370 00:24:36,850 --> 00:24:39,519 If you have something that will burn, and if it ever burns, 371 00:24:39,561 --> 00:24:41,439 it will only be a holocaust. 372 00:24:44,442 --> 00:24:48,988 So I sat there watching all the data come in, 373 00:24:49,029 --> 00:24:53,075 listening to dialogue, absorbing these things, learning. 374 00:24:53,117 --> 00:24:55,577 I returned to my office to take care of the documents, 375 00:24:55,619 --> 00:24:59,081 but back to being director of flight, 376 00:24:59,123 --> 00:25:02,876 and Gus said, "I'm ready to go", 377 00:25:02,918 --> 00:25:05,296 finally after grumbling like hell about that fact 378 00:25:05,338 --> 00:25:08,590 that he can't hear someone or he can't talk to someone. 379 00:25:14,596 --> 00:25:16,349 So, we take a break. 380 00:25:16,390 --> 00:25:19,685 They will see if they can improve communication. 381 00:25:19,726 --> 00:25:23,897 And some people stand and leave the room, 382 00:25:23,939 --> 00:25:25,732 but for some reason, I'm back for a moment. 383 00:25:25,774 --> 00:25:28,235 There is something I have to do, and I still turn on the headset. 384 00:25:28,277 --> 00:25:29,527 and at once, 385 00:25:30,696 --> 00:25:33,449 You know, I heard it... "Fire". 386 00:25:37,577 --> 00:25:40,622 And then there is silence, and then there is a lot of noise. 387 00:25:40,664 --> 00:25:42,582 Only sounds. I don't know what that is. 388 00:25:42,624 --> 00:25:45,211 Wow, everything happens quickly. 389 00:25:45,252 --> 00:25:47,796 We sit there and we hear the crew. 390 00:25:47,838 --> 00:25:49,756 We hear cries from the crew. 391 00:25:49,798 --> 00:25:51,342 Exit, exit ". 392 00:25:51,384 --> 00:25:53,969 I say," Hey, come back here. Something happened. " And then, from that time on, that... 393 00:25:56,013 --> 00:25:58,432 it was impossible to do anything. 394 00:25:59,933 --> 00:26:02,061 Uh, of course... 395 00:26:03,062 --> 00:26:04,730 You were just shocked. 396 00:26:05,939 --> 00:26:08,608 Because I've been in the flight test business 397 00:26:36,303 --> 00:26:38,055 long enough in my life, 398 00:26:38,097 --> 00:26:39,639 I've seen death happen in a variety of ways, 399 00:26:39,681 --> 00:26:42,435 but not like that. 400 00:26:39,681 --> 00:26:42,435 And you feel guilty, 401 00:26:45,229 --> 00:26:47,647 You have feelings of remorse that, 402 00:26:48,941 --> 00:26:50,984 You have that feeling, "Oh my God, why do we let that happen?" 403 00:26:51,026 --> 00:26:55,739 I think, uh, we killed all three men. 404 00:27:00,660 --> 00:27:05,832 Almost murder. 405 00:27:00,660 --> 00:27:05,832 In a short time after all This happened, 406 00:27:17,886 --> 00:27:21,098 407 00:27:21,140 --> 00:27:26,312 we are called to an all-hand meeting in the auditorium, 408 00:27:26,353 --> 00:27:28,481 and we were called there by Gene Kranz. 409 00:27:30,566 --> 00:27:33,026 Here we have a group of engineers who are very young, 410 00:27:33,068 --> 00:27:34,736 most of them just came out of campus, 411 00:27:34,778 --> 00:27:37,615 who have never experienced this kind of experience. 412 00:27:39,116 --> 00:27:40,826 The first thing you do 413 00:27:40,867 --> 00:27:45,331 is to identify what your part is in this failure. 414 00:27:45,372 --> 00:27:47,749 And Gen starts to tell us 415 00:27:49,084 --> 00:27:52,712 that we are all responsible for the murder of the crew, 416 00:27:55,048 --> 00:27:58,135 that we haven't done our work yet. 417 00:27:58,177 --> 00:28:00,429 We can go to the program manager and say, 418 00:28:00,471 --> 00:28:02,306 "Listen, we're not ready yet", but we don't. 419 00:28:02,348 --> 00:28:05,725 Therefore, we will never do this again. 420 00:28:05,767 --> 00:28:09,687 Our team in Mission Control will be known by two words. 421 00:28:09,729 --> 00:28:14,067 He said to us, I want you to go back to your office, 422 00:28:14,109 --> 00:28:17,363 and on your board, the white board we have, 423 00:28:17,404 --> 00:28:20,366 I want you to write & apos; tough and competent & apos; on that board, 424 00:28:21,825 --> 00:28:24,911 and I don't want you to delete it. 425 00:28:24,953 --> 00:28:27,289 Tough: we will never ignore our responsibilities 426 00:28:27,331 --> 00:28:30,167 because we are forever responsible for what we do, 427 00:28:30,209 --> 00:28:32,252 or in the case of Apollo 1, what we failed to do. 428 00:28:32,294 --> 00:28:35,339 Competent: we will never accept anything. 429 00:28:35,381 --> 00:28:36,590 We will never stop learning. 430 00:28:36,632 --> 00:28:39,426 From now on, as a team, we will be perfect. 431 00:28:40,886 --> 00:28:44,682 I think that changes the whole attitude 432 00:28:44,723 --> 00:28:48,143 about who we are, what we do, 433 00:28:48,185 --> 00:28:52,272 and how we evolved into the future of space flight. 434 00:29:13,544 --> 00:29:16,338 That's my opinion and the opinion of many others if that doesn't happen, 435 00:29:16,380 --> 00:29:19,299 we will never get to the moon. 436 00:29:19,341 --> 00:29:22,094 437 00:29:24,137 --> 00:29:28,058 Interim period after fire 438 00:29:28,100 --> 00:29:30,977 is the only thing that saves our ass, 439 00:29:31,019 --> 00:29:37,150 because we can step back and say, 440 00:29:31,019 --> 00:29:37,150 What's wrong with this thing? 441 00:29:37,192 --> 00:29:41,363 What should we do to improve it? 442 00:29:41,405 --> 00:29:47,620 And that brings together all of the top-down organizations at NASA. 443 00:29:49,829 --> 00:29:52,708 Without everything that happens, we will never get there. 444 00:30:00,132 --> 00:30:03,636 We have leaders, actually, from the top 445 00:30:03,677 --> 00:30:07,681 who told us, you know, "Complete the job", 446 00:30:07,723 --> 00:30:11,101 and they don't try to do it for us. 447 00:30:14,229 --> 00:30:18,858 We work for people who are great leaders. 448 00:30:18,900 --> 00:30:24,197 This starts with Kraft and Gilruths and those people, 449 00:30:24,239 --> 00:30:25,907 and they guide their people, 450 00:30:25,949 --> 00:30:29,453 and you learn to guide your people 451 00:30:25,949 --> 00:30:29,453 when you become a manager. 452 00:30:32,456 --> 00:30:34,458 To be a leader, 453 00:30:34,500 --> 00:30:40,213 You must be willing to accept responsibility 454 00:30:34,500 --> 00:30:40,213 which requires you to do that, 455 00:30:40,255 --> 00:30:45,385 and that's what people don't understand about management. 456 00:30:48,180 --> 00:30:51,433 They don't understand that commitment is needed... 457 00:30:52,434 --> 00:30:54,436 that you are willing to accept. 458 00:30:57,690 --> 00:31:01,443 I became famous for saying what I thought. 459 00:31:02,695 --> 00:31:04,822 I want to hear what you say, 460 00:31:04,863 --> 00:31:08,408 and I might give you hell if I don't like it, 461 00:31:08,450 --> 00:31:09,951 but it's difficult. 462 00:31:09,993 --> 00:31:14,581 Go and find another idea 463 00:31:09,993 --> 00:31:14,581 that I might like. 464 00:31:14,623 --> 00:31:17,668 And I express such thoughts to people. 465 00:31:17,710 --> 00:31:22,214 That's where I got my management skills. 466 00:31:22,255 --> 00:31:23,716 People like it. 467 00:32:02,087 --> 00:32:06,007 Apollo 8 will become an Earth orbital flight. 468 00:32:06,049 --> 00:32:10,929 Uh, we will fly Lunar Module for the first time. 469 00:32:12,931 --> 00:32:17,770 And we will go and do various maneuvers in Earth orbit. 470 00:32:19,855 --> 00:32:23,817 Well, they deliver the Lunar Module to Cape 471 00:32:23,859 --> 00:32:26,653 and that is terrible hardware. 472 00:32:26,695 --> 00:32:29,948 They can't get the damn thing checked. 473 00:32:29,989 --> 00:32:32,284 And as a result, it's far behind the schedule 474 00:32:32,325 --> 00:32:36,413 and it won't meet the current schedule Command and Service Module 475 00:32:36,455 --> 00:32:38,624 that comes very well. 476 00:32:44,379 --> 00:32:47,299 NASA management raises this idea, 477 00:32:47,340 --> 00:32:51,470 okay, let's take the flight opportunities we have, 478 00:32:51,511 --> 00:32:56,892 let's assume we can get fixes to Saturn V, 479 00:32:56,934 --> 00:33:01,688 and let's think about circling the moon. 480 00:33:05,108 --> 00:33:08,236 I said, "Oh my God, that is really a different proposition." 481 00:33:08,278 --> 00:33:11,949 The risks involved there are various. 482 00:33:13,742 --> 00:33:16,286 And the first thing I did was call my people 483 00:33:16,328 --> 00:33:20,373 which I think is necessary to decide whether we can do it or not. 484 00:33:22,542 --> 00:33:25,545 So we all gather, there are about eight or ten of us, 485 00:33:25,587 --> 00:33:28,966 talk about it, and I tell them what we think. 486 00:33:29,007 --> 00:33:32,177 I think, really, he must be crazy. 487 00:33:32,218 --> 00:33:35,889 You know, we are far from ready to do that. 488 00:33:38,350 --> 00:33:41,186 And I say, I want you to go and I... 489 00:33:41,227 --> 00:33:43,355 This is what I see the problem. 490 00:33:43,396 --> 00:33:45,315 Now, you go ahead and think about this 491 00:33:45,357 --> 00:33:46,859 and you tell me what's the problem, 492 00:33:46,900 --> 00:33:48,610 and do you think you can do it. 493 00:33:51,655 --> 00:33:54,407 So it's an intense weekend, 494 00:33:54,449 --> 00:33:59,872 and we returned on Monday, and said, "Yes, we can do it, with these restrictions". 495 00:34:16,095 --> 00:34:18,139 So we went from Apollo 7 496 00:34:18,181 --> 00:34:19,558 after we finish it, 497 00:34:19,599 --> 00:34:22,268 and bang, they made the announcement. 498 00:34:19,599 --> 00:34:22,268 That's like, 499 00:34:22,310 --> 00:34:24,521 "What will you do?" 500 00:34:26,565 --> 00:34:29,150 We will send the spaceship to the track 501 00:34:29,192 --> 00:34:32,320 will it only miss the moon with 60 miles? 502 00:34:35,574 --> 00:34:37,200 That's amazing. 503 00:34:39,578 --> 00:34:41,580 So, if everything goes well, 504 00:34:41,621 --> 00:34:44,165 in ten minutes to 2:00 on Saturday afternoon, 505 00:34:44,207 --> 00:34:46,292 it's ten minutes to 8:00 a.m. here, 506 00:34:46,334 --> 00:34:49,838 Borman, Lovell and Anders will sit there, one minute from launch, 507 00:34:49,880 --> 00:34:54,217 on a mission that has more risk in it than what Americans have tolerated before, 508 00:34:54,259 --> 00:34:56,762 and on rockets that only fly twice. 509 00:35:34,674 --> 00:35:36,676 Apollo 8, you look good. 510 00:35:36,718 --> 00:35:40,388 We look good. 511 00:35:53,026 --> 00:35:56,029 Apollo 8, Houston. You go for staging, end. 512 00:35:56,071 --> 00:35:57,322 Received. 513 00:36:05,038 --> 00:36:09,001 There is a real meaning of the magnitude 514 00:36:09,042 --> 00:36:10,752 of what we do in the Control Center. 515 00:36:10,794 --> 00:36:15,966 We four times checked every number we 516 00:36:10,794 --> 00:36:15,966 sent to the crew. 517 00:36:16,008 --> 00:36:19,218 You know, nobody says anything to each other, 518 00:36:16,008 --> 00:36:19,218 but you can know, 519 00:36:19,260 --> 00:36:21,429 You know, by looking around 520 00:36:21,471 --> 00:36:25,183 yes, he has the same mind as me. 521 00:36:25,224 --> 00:36:28,728 This is not a simulation, this is real. 522 00:36:39,990 --> 00:36:42,575 Trans Lunar Injection, TLI, 523 00:36:42,617 --> 00:36:44,870 when they do these things, you know you are on the way. 524 00:36:44,911 --> 00:36:47,622 I mean, there's no time to go back 525 00:36:47,664 --> 00:36:49,875 except going around the moon and back, you know. 526 00:36:52,961 --> 00:36:55,964 Now he counts for two... 527 00:36:56,006 --> 00:36:57,174 ... one. 528 00:36:59,968 --> 00:37:03,138 That puts us on track towards the moon, 529 00:37:03,180 --> 00:37:06,599 25,000 miles per hour, all the way, 530 00:37:06,641 --> 00:37:09,144 and we can actually, if we want, 531 00:37:09,186 --> 00:37:11,813 beach to the moon. 532 00:37:13,732 --> 00:37:16,068 Track, guide, flight dynamics, 533 00:37:16,109 --> 00:37:19,529 everyone in front, what is called Trench in front of this control center, 534 00:37:19,571 --> 00:37:22,074 say they are happy, and that includes a booster. 535 00:37:50,143 --> 00:37:51,895 During the Apollo 8 Mission, 536 00:37:51,937 --> 00:37:55,941 I'm not directly involved, 537 00:37:55,982 --> 00:37:58,276 so I have luxury, and that's luxury, 538 00:37:58,317 --> 00:38:00,820 that emotional feeling 539 00:38:00,862 --> 00:38:04,282 I'm sure people in the viewing room start feeling... 540 00:38:06,618 --> 00:38:10,872 emotions that people in the world are watching. 541 00:38:10,914 --> 00:38:15,501 I mean, they watched this crew go to the moon and basically describe it. 542 00:38:27,264 --> 00:38:30,600 And instead of having to stay focused on the next event, 543 00:38:30,642 --> 00:38:32,769 next thing, when do we get the next call, 544 00:38:32,811 --> 00:38:35,272 I can say, "God, this is beautiful". 545 00:38:35,313 --> 00:38:41,653 I mean, I can't think of any place I prefer to be in my life 546 00:38:41,694 --> 00:38:43,738 rather than being here in Mission Control. 547 00:38:50,411 --> 00:38:52,538 Uh, this is Apollo Control Houston 548 00:38:52,580 --> 00:38:56,084 at 68 hours, 52 minutes into the Apollo 8. flight At this time, Glynn Lunney had traveled around the room 549 00:38:56,126 --> 00:38:59,171 take a status check with the flight control team. 550 00:38:59,212 --> 00:39:02,548 We see leave, we continue to stand, 551 00:39:02,590 --> 00:39:05,677 and this is Apollo Control Houston. 552 00:39:05,718 --> 00:39:08,429 We start. 553 00:39:08,471 --> 00:39:10,348 I am on duty for Insertion in Lunar Orbit, 554 00:39:10,389 --> 00:39:12,809 and we start falling towards the moon, 555 00:39:12,851 --> 00:39:15,728 and, uh, getting bigger. 556 00:39:15,770 --> 00:39:18,690 There is a two-hour orbit around the moon, 557 00:39:18,731 --> 00:39:20,358 and when you go back to the moon, 558 00:39:20,399 --> 00:39:22,110 You have about 50 minutes 559 00:39:22,152 --> 00:39:26,865 where you can't see the vehicle. 560 00:39:22,152 --> 00:39:26,865 Well, that is a very scary feeling. 561 00:39:26,906 --> 00:39:29,617 You know, we... here we will go to the moon, 562 00:39:29,659 --> 00:39:32,329 563 00:39:32,370 --> 00:39:37,334 have talked back and forth with flight crew along the way. 564 00:39:37,375 --> 00:39:38,918 And then we lose the signal, 565 00:39:38,960 --> 00:39:41,587 You know, LOS, and we can't talk to them. 566 00:39:57,854 --> 00:40:03,109 Mission Control says, You will lose communication with us at times like this, 567 00:40:03,151 --> 00:40:06,238 and for the second, that's where we lose communication. 568 00:40:21,627 --> 00:40:27,008 You can just hear the pin drop in the Control Center. 569 00:40:27,050 --> 00:40:30,887 I mean, this is the first time we went behind the moon. 570 00:40:30,929 --> 00:40:33,973 You can't see it and we can't... You don't have any data, 571 00:40:34,015 --> 00:40:37,476 so we depend on the spacecraft work perfectly behind the moon, 572 00:40:37,518 --> 00:40:41,064 because you can get out of the internet the back of the month, you can go anywhere. 573 00:40:41,106 --> 00:40:43,900 May go to the surface of the cursed moon. 574 00:40:43,942 --> 00:40:45,777 May go into space 575 00:40:45,818 --> 00:40:48,280 if the machine is damaged or the computer is damaged. 576 00:40:50,240 --> 00:40:51,950 So I got up pretty tight. 577 00:41:01,667 --> 00:41:03,836 They have to maneuver on the back 578 00:41:03,878 --> 00:41:07,006 slow to stay in orbit around the moon, 579 00:41:07,048 --> 00:41:08,758 and if they don't maneuver it, 580 00:41:08,800 --> 00:41:13,221 they will go back inside view of the Earth at one time. 581 00:41:13,263 --> 00:41:16,849 If they maneuver, then they will come back again at a later time. 582 00:41:16,891 --> 00:41:19,727 And we have two reverse clock settings 583 00:41:19,769 --> 00:41:22,063 so we can count down for both. 584 00:41:32,282 --> 00:41:34,117 Apollo Control Houston, 585 00:41:34,159 --> 00:41:37,078 mark one minute of estimated acquisition time. 586 00:41:45,378 --> 00:41:47,297 Apollo Control Houston, 587 00:41:47,339 --> 00:41:51,217 Jerry Carr has called, we are ready. 588 00:41:51,259 --> 00:41:54,012 We have not heard anything but we are still standing. 589 00:42:17,702 --> 00:42:19,537 We understand. We understand. 590 00:42:19,578 --> 00:42:24,042 Apollo 8 is now in a lunar orbit. 591 00:42:29,881 --> 00:42:32,050 Sure enough, they come round the corner. 592 00:42:32,091 --> 00:42:35,094 Burns have improved, they are in orbit. 593 00:42:35,136 --> 00:42:37,389 So, there is joy in this room. 594 00:42:37,430 --> 00:42:39,265 Uh, this is Apollo Control, Houston 595 00:42:39,307 --> 00:42:41,559 switch now to Jim Lovell's voice. 596 00:42:57,658 --> 00:42:59,369 Relieved to be very relieved 597 00:42:59,411 --> 00:43:02,080 Because we know they are at least stable. 598 00:43:02,121 --> 00:43:05,124 Now, can we get them out of that orbit 599 00:43:02,121 --> 00:43:05,124 that's another question. 600 00:43:07,419 --> 00:43:08,753 I will say that we all, 601 00:43:08,794 --> 00:43:10,838 we might spend all day 602 00:43:10,880 --> 00:43:13,299 that we are in orbit around the moon, at the Control Center. 603 00:43:14,217 --> 00:43:15,718 Everyone is so excited. 604 00:43:17,512 --> 00:43:21,558 Then, you know, towards the end of today, 605 00:43:21,599 --> 00:43:25,937 Frank Borman comes, say, you know, 606 00:43:21,599 --> 00:43:25,937 they have something to say. 607 00:43:41,578 --> 00:43:44,747 So I just watch what happens with the spaceship, 608 00:43:44,789 --> 00:43:46,416 are all nominal. 609 00:43:48,334 --> 00:43:51,670 And then Frank Borman... 610 00:43:51,712 --> 00:43:54,799 just started, said, at first... 611 00:43:57,218 --> 00:43:59,137 "God created heaven and Earth". 612 00:44:12,024 --> 00:44:15,069 It hits me like a ton of bricks, 613 00:44:15,111 --> 00:44:17,947 and then hit everyone in the Mission Control Center, 614 00:44:15,111 --> 00:44:17,947 I think, 615 00:44:17,989 --> 00:44:21,951 whether they are religion-based or not, like a ton of bricks. 616 00:44:21,993 --> 00:44:24,870 It makes hair stand on my neck. 617 00:44:55,943 --> 00:44:59,572 That, uh, time like that. 618 00:45:00,865 --> 00:45:03,576 None of us knows it will happen, 619 00:45:03,618 --> 00:45:08,122 and, uh, you know, I'm not ashamed to admit I cried. 620 00:45:15,087 --> 00:45:18,715 It just sounds the bell that is right for everyone, 621 00:45:18,757 --> 00:45:20,759 and if you think about it for 40 years 622 00:45:20,801 --> 00:45:24,639 and ask yourself, "What can you say better than that?" 623 00:45:24,681 --> 00:45:26,932 there will be no other answers. 624 00:45:26,974 --> 00:45:29,018 And God sees that it's good. 625 00:45:29,060 --> 00:45:32,438 We are engineers not poets. 626 00:45:32,480 --> 00:45:35,024 We are not good at it, but, uh, 627 00:45:35,066 --> 00:45:39,195 I mean, it's a huge effect 628 00:45:35,066 --> 00:45:39,195 to everyone in the Control Center. 629 00:46:13,688 --> 00:46:17,567 A screenwriter can't do a better job. 630 00:46:17,609 --> 00:46:22,905 In 1968, in the US, a very bad year, 631 00:46:22,947 --> 00:46:27,034 with the Vietnam War taking place, and elections take place, 632 00:46:27,076 --> 00:46:30,496 and riots occur, and murder of two prominent people. 633 00:46:33,499 --> 00:46:39,796 To end the year around the moon on Christmas Eve, 634 00:46:40,797 --> 00:46:44,135 everything falls in place. 635 00:46:50,182 --> 00:46:52,477 Spider Gumdrop, I can see your jet shooting 636 00:46:52,518 --> 00:46:54,145 as clear as bell. 637 00:47:20,546 --> 00:47:24,509 We used to work only crazy hours. 638 00:47:24,550 --> 00:47:29,846 We will run 10 or 12 sim launches a day. 639 00:47:29,888 --> 00:47:31,557 And it's grinding. 640 00:47:31,599 --> 00:47:33,643 We are very consumed with this flight 641 00:47:33,685 --> 00:47:36,354 and train them and so on and so on 642 00:47:36,395 --> 00:47:41,317 that we never really have enough time to enjoy them. 643 00:47:41,359 --> 00:47:43,820 Need a victim on the family, you know. 644 00:47:43,860 --> 00:47:45,488 We are not too much. 645 00:47:45,530 --> 00:47:48,366 Wives take over. They do all that. 646 00:47:48,407 --> 00:47:50,785 And, uh, they manage the check book, 647 00:47:50,827 --> 00:47:52,537 they do everything. 648 00:47:52,578 --> 00:47:55,373 If I can go back and repeat it again, 649 00:47:55,414 --> 00:47:57,082 I won't do it. 650 00:47:58,793 --> 00:48:01,212 That greatly affected my family. 651 00:48:02,963 --> 00:48:05,675 NASA spends my time. 652 00:48:17,978 --> 00:48:20,272 The simulation team has little space 653 00:48:20,314 --> 00:48:21,733 directly from the front of the Control Center 654 00:48:21,774 --> 00:48:24,736 with a glass window, they can see us. 655 00:48:24,777 --> 00:48:29,448 And when we do a simulation, which is a training exercise, 656 00:48:29,490 --> 00:48:32,159 that includes the Control Center, 657 00:48:32,201 --> 00:48:37,039 that includes the crew, the actual crew usually, during the simulator, 658 00:48:37,081 --> 00:48:41,293 and we all relate to both data and voice-wise. 659 00:48:45,130 --> 00:48:49,343 So it's really a way to check all basic systems 660 00:48:49,385 --> 00:48:52,597 and, uh, develop procedures, 661 00:48:52,638 --> 00:48:55,516 & apos; Cause if it doesn't work in the simulator, they won't work real. 662 00:49:03,691 --> 00:49:05,777 My nickname for sim people 663 00:49:05,818 --> 00:49:09,071 those who come out to catch us. 664 00:49:09,113 --> 00:49:12,199 They just keep throwing problems at you all the time. 665 00:49:12,241 --> 00:49:15,286 And they try to push us to our limits and see where we are going. 666 00:49:17,789 --> 00:49:22,376 We are almost half way through landing simulations... 667 00:49:24,211 --> 00:49:26,631 and we get this program alarm on the computer. 668 00:49:27,799 --> 00:49:29,759 1201, 1202, you know, uh, 669 00:49:29,801 --> 00:49:32,969 and everyone wonders, "Is that 1201, 1202?" 670 00:49:34,889 --> 00:49:38,768 Program alarms are the way computers tell us, 671 00:49:38,810 --> 00:49:40,561 "You ask me to do too much". 672 00:49:40,603 --> 00:49:43,272 I mean, we are very unfamiliar with that, at least for me. 673 00:49:44,565 --> 00:49:46,358 I call my back room, 674 00:49:46,400 --> 00:49:52,907 Jack Garman is an expert on computer programs, and he doesn't know. 675 00:49:52,949 --> 00:49:59,037 So I said, "Flight, something is happening. I don't know what. Abortion". 676 00:50:00,748 --> 00:50:02,708 At Mission Control, when we wrote the Rules of Mission, 677 00:50:02,750 --> 00:50:05,670 You need two signs to cancel the call. 678 00:50:05,711 --> 00:50:08,255 And that's when we started debriefing, 679 00:50:08,297 --> 00:50:10,549 the simulation supervisor goes in and says, 680 00:50:10,591 --> 00:50:12,844 "Well, you have one sign, what's the second?" 681 00:50:14,303 --> 00:50:17,431 And there is total silence in the room. 682 00:50:17,473 --> 00:50:20,434 After the debriefing is finished, 683 00:50:20,476 --> 00:50:24,104 Gene said, I want you to gather the team 684 00:50:24,146 --> 00:50:28,526 and you tell me which alarm you will use continue and which is not. 685 00:50:28,567 --> 00:50:30,945 So I said, Jack, you're interesting with MIT, 686 00:50:30,987 --> 00:50:34,114 the people who built this computer, and anyone you can, 687 00:50:34,156 --> 00:50:37,284 come up with a list, brief me about that, 688 00:50:37,326 --> 00:50:38,995 and that is what we will write as a rule. 689 00:50:39,035 --> 00:50:40,663 And that's what Jack did. 690 00:50:45,960 --> 00:50:51,089 The tower dreaming of Cape Kennedy, launches a cushion for noble ideals. 691 00:50:59,264 --> 00:51:01,392 Collins, Armstrong and Aldrin, 692 00:51:01,433 --> 00:51:04,436 three people chosen for humanity's most historic mission, 693 00:51:04,478 --> 00:51:07,940 to reach a new world and return with a handful of dust. 694 00:51:07,982 --> 00:51:10,568 Scientists are not too happy 695 00:51:10,609 --> 00:51:13,529 that we don't do everything they want to do, 696 00:51:13,571 --> 00:51:15,907 and I have told them, 697 00:51:15,948 --> 00:51:20,703 Look, I won't listen again to the things you want to do. 698 00:51:20,745 --> 00:51:22,872 I say, "We will go to the moon". 699 00:51:22,914 --> 00:51:24,415 We will land on the moon, 700 00:51:24,456 --> 00:51:26,959 we will get our butt from the moon as fast as we can, 701 00:51:27,001 --> 00:51:29,461 and still taking some samples, 702 00:51:29,503 --> 00:51:32,464 and make sure the spacecraft is ready to go, and we will be back 703 00:51:32,506 --> 00:51:34,592 because we want to prove to ourselves 704 00:51:34,633 --> 00:51:37,762 that all the things we think of 705 00:51:34,633 --> 00:51:39,889 fly there and return right and done well. 706 00:51:51,275 --> 00:51:54,695 It's time for Apollo 11. 707 00:51:54,737 --> 00:51:58,741 There are many emotions in the Control Center. 708 00:51:58,783 --> 00:52:00,659 The team feels comfortable. 709 00:52:00,701 --> 00:52:05,330 The team feels satisfied that we have done everything 710 00:52:00,701 --> 00:52:05,330 we know how to do it, 711 00:52:05,372 --> 00:52:09,085 to ensure that this is as safe as we can make it. 712 00:52:10,962 --> 00:52:13,129 We have a security guard. 713 00:52:13,171 --> 00:52:15,883 This person here is excitement, 714 00:52:15,925 --> 00:52:19,344 and he appears and says, So we will land today, Mr.Kranz, 715 00:52:19,386 --> 00:52:21,722 and suddenly, it's different. 716 00:52:21,764 --> 00:52:24,475 The room has started to fill up, 717 00:52:24,516 --> 00:52:29,521 not only in Mission Control, the controller on the shift is on duty, 718 00:52:29,563 --> 00:52:32,608 but also, there are visitors who see rooms 719 00:52:32,650 --> 00:52:37,237 and it fills with every NASA manager 720 00:52:37,279 --> 00:52:40,032 that has anything to do with Apollo. 721 00:52:42,534 --> 00:52:46,747 I'm very worried, you know. This is a big problem. 722 00:52:46,789 --> 00:52:50,626 So I really focus on that and really excited, actually. 723 00:52:50,668 --> 00:52:54,005 This means today is a day, you know, we will do this. 724 00:53:33,627 --> 00:53:35,211 Everything is on the right track. 725 00:53:35,253 --> 00:53:38,174 We are in front of the Flight Plan just below the line. 726 00:53:39,257 --> 00:53:42,553 We have a private conference loop 727 00:53:42,594 --> 00:53:45,848 which can only be accessed by people in the control room. 728 00:53:45,890 --> 00:53:49,476 The outside world can't hear it, the managers can't hear it. 729 00:53:50,519 --> 00:53:51,979 He just talked with us. 730 00:53:53,189 --> 00:53:54,815 And basically I show 731 00:53:54,857 --> 00:53:57,776 I believe we were born today, 732 00:53:57,818 --> 00:53:59,403 we are destined to be here. 733 00:54:01,530 --> 00:54:05,534 We are doing a great job to prepare for this mission. 734 00:54:05,576 --> 00:54:10,706 And then I say, "I will stand behind every decision you will make". 735 00:54:10,748 --> 00:54:14,459 We enter this room as a team and we will depart as a team. 736 00:54:18,839 --> 00:54:24,511 I can remember this day and also if it was seconds ago. 737 00:54:24,553 --> 00:54:28,390 I remember words, I remember what he said, 738 00:54:28,432 --> 00:54:30,935 and that makes all the difference in the world. 739 00:54:37,315 --> 00:54:41,277 And then I say, uh, GC, go to war, 740 00:54:41,319 --> 00:54:44,364 and he rises and locks the control room door, 741 00:54:44,406 --> 00:54:50,412 and these doors will not be reopened until we have landed, fallen, or canceled. 742 00:54:53,707 --> 00:54:55,500 This is Apollo Control 743 00:54:55,542 --> 00:55:00,005 at 102 hours, 12 minutes to Apollo 11. Flight We are now two minutes 53 seconds from reacquiring the spaceship. 744 00:55:00,047 --> 00:55:04,635 Twenty one minutes, 23 seconds 745 00:55:04,676 --> 00:55:06,511 746 00:55:06,553 --> 00:55:10,057 from the start of a powerful landing to the surface of the moon. 747 00:55:13,435 --> 00:55:15,187 Good control with a burning attitude. 748 00:55:15,229 --> 00:55:16,272 Rog. 749 00:55:23,445 --> 00:55:27,532 This is the month and this is the orbit you entered. 750 00:55:27,574 --> 00:55:31,578 And here you do PDI, Powered Descent Initiation. 751 00:55:33,122 --> 00:55:36,875 And Kranz goes to every position, "Do you go or not leave?" 752 00:55:36,917 --> 00:55:39,419 You have to "go away" or we won't start burning it. 753 00:55:39,461 --> 00:55:41,130 Okay, Retro? Go. 754 00:55:41,172 --> 00:55:42,089 Fido? Go. 755 00:55:42,131 --> 00:55:43,048 Guide? Go! 756 00:55:43,090 --> 00:55:43,966 Control? Go. 757 00:55:44,008 --> 00:55:44,842 Telcom? Go. 758 00:55:44,883 --> 00:55:45,717 GNC? Go. 759 00:55:45,759 --> 00:55:47,178 EECOM? Surgeon? Go. 760 00:55:47,219 --> 00:55:50,306 CAPCOM we continue with PDI. 761 00:55:50,346 --> 00:55:51,932 The main challenge is, 762 00:55:51,974 --> 00:55:55,727 "Do I have enough information once we start going down?" 763 00:55:55,769 --> 00:55:59,148 And we have to update computer knowledge 764 00:55:59,190 --> 00:56:01,483 height above the surface of the moon. 765 00:56:03,235 --> 00:56:04,736 Okay, we got the data again. 766 00:56:04,778 --> 00:56:06,071 Radar, Flight, looks good. 767 00:56:06,113 --> 00:56:07,405 Rog. 768 00:56:07,447 --> 00:56:08,740 Good news. 769 00:56:08,782 --> 00:56:12,536 Landing radar catches at 39,000 feet. 770 00:56:12,577 --> 00:56:14,913 I think my big problem for that day is over. 771 00:56:16,123 --> 00:56:18,750 Unfortunately, just started. 772 00:56:21,712 --> 00:56:23,088 Get ready. 773 00:56:26,800 --> 00:56:31,513 1202. Oh, my goodness, one of the codes that we have during the sim. 774 00:56:31,555 --> 00:56:34,641 It's like... sim isn't exactly like that, but it's close, 775 00:56:34,683 --> 00:56:38,812 and I frantically tried to remember which code it was. 776 00:56:38,854 --> 00:56:41,690 Well, when it comes, I think we die in the water. 777 00:56:47,154 --> 00:56:49,073 Yes, the same thing we have. 778 00:56:54,953 --> 00:56:57,789 We get information that is said to be 1202, 779 00:56:58,874 --> 00:57:00,542 but I'm still trying to remember, 780 00:57:00,584 --> 00:57:04,796 and Jack Garman shouted, "Steve, is in our little list!" 781 00:57:04,838 --> 00:57:07,341 And I finally... when I see my list, 782 00:57:07,383 --> 00:57:12,054 he was about a few seconds before me and I said... 783 00:57:12,096 --> 00:57:13,555 We continue that, Flight. 784 00:57:13,597 --> 00:57:15,431 We leave the alarm? 785 00:57:17,601 --> 00:57:20,020 If it doesn't happen again, we will leave. 786 00:57:20,062 --> 00:57:23,648 And that takes us all 20 seconds maybe, 787 00:57:23,690 --> 00:57:27,444 but it's a lifetime in the midst of powerful breeds. 788 00:57:27,485 --> 00:57:30,155 Bales knows it's still flying machines, 789 00:57:30,197 --> 00:57:32,699 and we still go. 790 00:57:32,741 --> 00:57:35,744 Delta H looks good now. 791 00:57:35,786 --> 00:57:37,913 Okay, all flight controllers, just wait. 792 00:57:37,955 --> 00:57:39,373 Must immediately reduce speed. 793 00:57:42,459 --> 00:57:44,502 Okay, all flight controllers, go / do not go for landings. 794 00:57:44,544 --> 00:57:45,462 Retro? Go. 795 00:57:45,503 --> 00:57:46,504 Fido? Guidance? Go. Go. 796 00:57:46,546 --> 00:57:47,547 Control? Go. 797 00:57:47,589 --> 00:57:48,465 Telcom? Go. 798 00:57:48,506 --> 00:57:50,134 GNC? EECOM? Go. Go. 799 00:57:50,175 --> 00:57:52,094 CAPCOM, we go to land. 800 00:58:04,189 --> 00:58:05,732 The same type. We Go, Fly. 801 00:58:05,774 --> 00:58:06,942 Okay, we go. 802 00:58:09,111 --> 00:58:11,863 And then, when he is pitched, 803 00:58:11,905 --> 00:58:14,532 there is a big rock in there, and he can't land. 804 00:58:17,453 --> 00:58:20,331 There is a crater there, there is a big rock there. 805 00:58:23,459 --> 00:58:26,544 Someone said Armstrong's thoughts he only got a 50-50 chance 806 00:58:26,586 --> 00:58:29,131 they will land or have to cancel it. 807 00:58:32,092 --> 00:58:35,887 And I think he might be the coolest hand out there that day, 808 00:58:35,929 --> 00:58:40,809 and he thinks about this one hundred times or more, in terms of landing. 809 00:58:43,603 --> 00:58:45,189 He must level up, 810 00:58:45,230 --> 00:58:50,861 then he must fly horizontally to pass through this stone block field. 811 00:58:50,902 --> 00:58:54,614 Well, it needs a lot of extra gas. 812 00:58:54,656 --> 00:58:58,618 As we continue to go down, low-level sensors stumble, 813 00:58:58,660 --> 00:59:01,163 and say if fuel falls below this point... 814 00:59:01,205 --> 00:59:03,248 Low level. Low level. 815 00:59:03,290 --> 00:59:05,417 Now we are almost out of gas. 816 00:59:05,459 --> 00:59:06,751 Critical fuel. 817 00:59:06,793 --> 00:59:08,670 I start the stopwatch. 818 00:59:10,381 --> 00:59:12,799 We are in one of the floating lunar G, 819 00:59:12,841 --> 00:59:14,176 and I know how fast to use fuel, 820 00:59:14,218 --> 00:59:16,553 and I know how many seconds are left. 821 00:59:19,097 --> 00:59:24,561 I give a run, uh, comment for Mission Control, 822 00:59:24,602 --> 00:59:27,147 and Deke Slayton sat on my right. 823 00:59:27,189 --> 00:59:29,483 He is Director of Flight Crew Operations, 824 00:59:29,525 --> 00:59:31,402 and he hit me next to 825 00:59:31,443 --> 00:59:35,739 and say, "Shut up, Charlie, let them land". 826 00:59:35,780 --> 00:59:38,867 I think we better keep quiet now. 827 00:59:38,909 --> 00:59:41,328 Okay, the only call out of now is fuel. 828 00:59:43,914 --> 00:59:46,666 Okay, Bob, I will stand up for your call right out. 829 00:59:46,708 --> 00:59:47,959 At my stopwatch, 830 00:59:48,001 --> 00:59:49,878 I put Scotch's small masking tape and said, 831 00:59:49,920 --> 00:59:52,839 Okay, at this point now, we will have 60 seconds left. 832 00:59:52,881 --> 00:59:55,967 And a little further, we have 30 seconds left. 833 00:59:56,009 --> 00:59:58,887 And a little further, we get zero. 834 00:59:58,929 --> 01:00:03,392 We arrange for astronauts to know 835 01:00:03,434 --> 01:00:04,851 when you reach a certain point, 836 01:00:04,893 --> 01:00:08,605 whether he will land or he will cancel it. 837 01:00:08,646 --> 01:00:13,277 I am sure that in 100 feet a month, 838 01:00:13,318 --> 01:00:16,654 I will be called "cancel", he will continue his descendants. 839 01:00:20,867 --> 01:00:22,369 Sixty. Sixty seconds. 840 01:00:24,788 --> 01:00:27,665 And the control room is quiet. 841 01:00:30,668 --> 01:00:36,716 It feels like everyone just glued to their console and held their breath. 842 01:00:36,758 --> 01:00:40,887 10 or the last 12 seconds the landing is very tense. 843 01:00:40,929 --> 01:00:43,390 You know, will we do this or not? 844 01:00:45,809 --> 01:00:47,227 And I see the height 845 01:00:47,269 --> 01:00:48,770 and I think we will not succeed. 846 01:00:48,812 --> 01:00:51,773 There is no way. There is too much altitude for us to fall, 847 01:00:51,815 --> 01:00:55,527 but I don't know we are in the crater. 848 01:00:55,569 --> 01:00:58,989 And when they get to the lip of the crater, 849 01:00:55,569 --> 01:00:58,989 You only came here, 850 01:00:59,030 --> 01:01:01,032 and I show this height. 851 01:01:01,074 --> 01:01:04,035 When they come in the highlands, bam, 852 01:01:04,077 --> 01:01:05,703 it does a step jump. 853 01:01:09,207 --> 01:01:12,669 And shortly after, Buzz said, "I saw dust". 854 01:01:12,710 --> 01:01:15,255 Ah, that is a sigh of relief. 855 01:01:15,297 --> 01:01:17,633 Lowering legs. Two and a half. 856 01:01:17,674 --> 01:01:19,510 Take some dust. 857 01:01:19,551 --> 01:01:22,053 Three legs. 858 01:01:19,551 --> 01:01:22,053 Two and a half down. Great saddle. 859 01:01:24,181 --> 01:01:25,723 Four advanced. 860 01:01:25,765 --> 01:01:27,684 Four advanced. Move a little right. 861 01:01:27,725 --> 01:01:29,894 Thirty-one and a half seconds. 862 01:01:29,936 --> 01:01:30,937 30 seconds. 863 01:01:38,695 --> 01:01:40,197 Contact light. 864 01:01:42,157 --> 01:01:43,617 OK, the engine stops. 865 01:01:43,659 --> 01:01:46,036 ACA exits offspring. 866 01:01:46,077 --> 01:01:47,037 Prepare to close. 867 01:01:48,455 --> 01:01:52,000 We landed with 18 seconds left 868 01:01:48,455 --> 01:01:52,000 on the stopwatch. 869 01:01:52,042 --> 01:01:54,002 We copy you, Eagle. 870 01:01:54,044 --> 01:01:57,214 Okay, prepare for T1. 871 01:01:59,174 --> 01:02:02,135 Tranquility Base here, "The Eagle has landed". 872 01:02:02,177 --> 01:02:05,472 Roger, Tranquility. We copy you on the ground. 873 01:02:05,514 --> 01:02:07,474 You have many people who will turn blue. 874 01:02:07,516 --> 01:02:09,100 We breathe again. Thank you very much. 875 01:02:11,895 --> 01:02:13,647 Thank you. 876 01:02:13,689 --> 01:02:16,149 You look good here. 877 01:02:16,191 --> 01:02:18,443 Okay, we will be busy for a while. 878 01:02:32,332 --> 01:02:33,709 Then we finally realized, 879 01:02:33,750 --> 01:02:35,711 You know, we just landed on the moon. 880 01:02:38,463 --> 01:02:42,217 And we don't talk about it landing at the airport or something here. 881 01:02:42,259 --> 01:02:44,469 We talk about landing on the moon. 882 01:02:44,511 --> 01:02:47,097 Okay, save the chat in this room. 883 01:02:49,391 --> 01:02:51,602 Everyone claps behind us in the control room, 884 01:02:51,643 --> 01:02:54,229 but we have to stay focused. 885 01:02:54,271 --> 01:02:57,774 Is it safe to stay here for the next two minutes, yes or no? 886 01:02:57,815 --> 01:02:59,817 Will the spaceship reverse, fall? 887 01:02:59,859 --> 01:03:01,695 Are we in the crater? Do we slide down? 888 01:03:01,737 --> 01:03:03,697 So we have various questions that we must answer. 889 01:03:03,739 --> 01:03:06,950 Okay, T1. Stay / without staying. Retro? 890 01:03:06,991 --> 01:03:07,825 Stay. Fido? 891 01:03:07,867 --> 01:03:09,077 Stay. Guidance? 892 01:03:09,119 --> 01:03:11,747 I remember Kranz walking around "staying / not staying". 893 01:03:11,788 --> 01:03:13,624 Of course you can't say "Go / no-go". 894 01:03:13,665 --> 01:03:16,251 You have said "stay / not-stay", and so we say "keep". Everyone says "keep". 895 01:03:20,464 --> 01:03:22,758 Right after this, stay last / without staying, 896 01:03:22,799 --> 01:03:24,801 someone clutches my shoulder. 897 01:03:24,842 --> 01:03:27,178 And I looked up and I said, "Oh my God." 898 01:03:27,220 --> 01:03:31,725 Chris Kraft is also responsible for the software, 899 01:03:31,767 --> 01:03:34,436 computer software, 900 01:03:34,478 --> 01:03:37,855 manage it before the first Apollo flight. 901 01:03:37,897 --> 01:03:40,734 And he knows what can happen. 902 01:03:40,776 --> 01:03:42,694 He knows the rules well, 903 01:03:42,736 --> 01:03:46,364 and yes, that's really... that's really something. 904 01:03:55,332 --> 01:03:58,627 To finally get there and there is... 905 01:03:58,669 --> 01:04:02,380 First time, you know, in history 906 01:03:58,669 --> 01:04:02,380 human race, 907 01:04:02,422 --> 01:04:04,424 that anyone has done something like that. 908 01:04:06,050 --> 01:04:08,720 And it's like, the team delivered this. 909 01:04:11,389 --> 01:04:13,057 Very impressive. 910 01:04:13,099 --> 01:04:16,311 This is the first, most recent 911 01:04:16,353 --> 01:04:19,063 testing team in Mission Control 912 01:04:19,105 --> 01:04:20,315 and the culture established there. 913 01:04:22,734 --> 01:04:24,861 And finally, we make shift changes, 914 01:04:26,363 --> 01:04:30,950 and I stopped to take something to eat, 915 01:04:26,363 --> 01:04:30,950 breakfast. 916 01:04:30,992 --> 01:04:34,621 And when I enter, I buy a newspaper. 917 01:04:34,663 --> 01:04:36,498 Well, the paper is about three inches thick. 918 01:04:36,540 --> 01:04:39,417 I still happen to have the newspaper. 919 01:04:39,459 --> 01:04:43,296 And, uh, I'm sitting at the counter 920 01:04:43,338 --> 01:04:47,217 and I ordered my scrambled egg, and I drank my coffee, 921 01:04:47,258 --> 01:04:51,847 and I see all this, we have landed on the moon, everything. 922 01:04:51,888 --> 01:04:55,517 Two people enter and sit next to me, 923 01:04:55,559 --> 01:04:57,185 and one of them said to the others, he said, 924 01:04:57,227 --> 01:05:00,980 "You know, I landed in Normandy on D-day". 925 01:05:02,482 --> 01:05:03,775 And I listen, 926 01:05:04,693 --> 01:05:07,529 then he said, 927 01:05:07,571 --> 01:05:11,074 I have never been proud of being an American than yesterday. 928 01:05:11,115 --> 01:05:12,617 We land on the moon. 929 01:05:14,118 --> 01:05:16,872 It then hit me what we had done. 930 01:06:11,468 --> 01:06:13,553 Men who have been chosen tonight 931 01:06:13,595 --> 01:06:16,389 to receive this group's achievement award 932 01:06:16,431 --> 01:06:19,935 for all 400,000 people who, in one way or another, 933 01:06:19,976 --> 01:06:24,648 has contributed to success this program is a young man. 934 01:06:24,689 --> 01:06:28,234 Steve Bales, when the computer seems confused 935 01:06:28,276 --> 01:06:30,612 and when he can say "stop", 936 01:06:30,654 --> 01:06:33,490 or when he can say "wait", say "leave". 937 01:06:34,658 --> 01:06:35,784 Thank you, Mr. President. 938 01:06:49,589 --> 01:06:50,799 Apollo 12... 939 01:06:54,093 --> 01:06:56,137 starts like any other mission. 940 01:06:56,179 --> 01:07:00,767 The countdown for Apollo 12 is still ongoing. 941 01:07:00,809 --> 01:07:04,312 The project officer still keeps it eyes near the weather 942 01:07:04,354 --> 01:07:09,484 who has moved to the area faster than expected earlier this morning. 943 01:07:09,526 --> 01:07:12,069 I received an aviation awareness award. 944 01:07:13,446 --> 01:07:15,866 So I have to go down to watch the launch. 945 01:07:15,907 --> 01:07:18,785 T-minus 20. 946 01:07:18,827 --> 01:07:21,245 I sit there under the rain, 947 01:07:21,287 --> 01:07:23,039 three miles away. 948 01:07:23,080 --> 01:07:25,792 We have internal guidelines. 949 01:07:25,834 --> 01:07:29,629 Ten, nine, eight... The ignition sequence starts. 950 01:07:29,671 --> 01:07:35,886 Six, five, four, three, two, one, zero. 951 01:07:35,927 --> 01:07:38,638 All machines run. Commencement of takeoff. 952 01:07:38,680 --> 01:07:42,893 We have an elevatoroff at 11:22. Eastern Standard Time. 953 01:07:44,728 --> 01:07:48,231 Saturn V is a powerful vehicle, 954 01:07:48,272 --> 01:07:51,902 and once the lights are turned off, you can feel your clothes throb. 955 01:07:51,943 --> 01:07:53,319 clear tower. 956 01:07:56,447 --> 01:07:58,909 I feel quite spunky. 957 01:07:58,950 --> 01:08:01,995 You know, this is my first time as the main flight director, 958 01:08:02,037 --> 01:08:03,830 a launch flight director, you know. 959 01:08:03,872 --> 01:08:06,374 Pete Conrad reports roll and pitch 960 01:08:06,416 --> 01:08:08,418 to put Apollo 12 on the right track. 961 01:08:08,459 --> 01:08:11,421 Thirty seconds or more in flight... 962 01:08:12,881 --> 01:08:14,716 Roger, Pete. 963 01:08:16,843 --> 01:08:19,763 I saw two light graffiti on each side of the vehicle. 964 01:08:20,889 --> 01:08:23,266 Wow, the crew come alive. 965 01:08:28,980 --> 01:08:31,900 All data is empty. 966 01:08:31,942 --> 01:08:36,279 All my console lights, I mean, only light up 967 01:08:31,942 --> 01:08:36,279 like a Christmas tree. 968 01:08:36,320 --> 01:08:38,322 And I pay attention to John. John just sits there. 969 01:08:38,364 --> 01:08:40,283 I don't remember him talking to the back room. 970 01:08:49,125 --> 01:08:51,127 The thoughts that I have first are, 971 01:08:51,168 --> 01:08:54,923 I will be the first person to cancel it. 972 01:08:56,758 --> 01:08:58,175 I see my data... 973 01:08:58,217 --> 01:09:00,428 And he just stares at the data and looks at the data... 974 01:09:01,846 --> 01:09:05,058 I say, "John", I say, "Talk to the back room", 975 01:09:05,100 --> 01:09:06,684 and John ignores me. 976 01:09:07,769 --> 01:09:09,062 And suddenly, 977 01:09:09,104 --> 01:09:12,440 there are several patterns and items on the screen. 978 01:09:12,482 --> 01:09:15,568 At first I wasn't sure what it was. 979 01:09:15,610 --> 01:09:18,655 but then, then I say, you know, I think, I have seen this. 980 01:09:18,696 --> 01:09:20,949 Bang, I've seen this before. 981 01:09:20,991 --> 01:09:23,827 And it turns out he has seen what the data looks like later 982 01:09:23,868 --> 01:09:25,996 from the land test he remembered. 983 01:09:26,037 --> 01:09:27,664 And that's when it's clicked. 984 01:09:27,705 --> 01:09:30,207 Signal Conditioning Equipment, SCE. 985 01:09:36,255 --> 01:09:41,177 And then John Aaron said, "Flight, tell them to go SCE to AUX". 986 01:09:45,682 --> 01:09:48,184 And Jerry Carr said, "What?" 987 01:09:48,225 --> 01:09:49,393 What is that? " 988 01:09:49,435 --> 01:09:51,813 John came over the two of us and said, 989 01:09:51,855 --> 01:09:54,983 " Signal Conditioning Equipment for Auxiliary ". 990 01:09:55,025 --> 01:09:56,734 He went to the spaceship. 991 01:10:06,577 --> 01:10:09,372 Al Bean knew where the switch was. 992 01:10:09,413 --> 01:10:10,790 He reaches out, he flips it, 993 01:10:10,832 --> 01:10:14,169 and once he does, voila, we have everything back. 994 01:10:14,210 --> 01:10:16,004 We get it back, Flight, looks good. 995 01:10:16,046 --> 01:10:17,421 Good. 996 01:10:17,463 --> 01:10:20,967 Now, the SCE goes to AUX fixes the problem. 997 01:10:21,009 --> 01:10:25,680 SCE to AUX is that allows me to get the data back. 998 01:10:25,722 --> 01:10:27,724 But one thing that I keep watching 999 01:10:27,765 --> 01:10:31,769 is the path, we have on the big screen in front. 1000 01:10:31,811 --> 01:10:33,270 That's right. 1001 01:10:47,869 --> 01:10:50,413 And that's when I told Gerry, I said, 1002 01:10:50,454 --> 01:10:53,332 Look don't put yourself under so much pressure. 1003 01:10:53,374 --> 01:10:57,087 We don't have to go to the moon today. 1004 01:10:57,128 --> 01:10:59,923 We can only do a few tests, and all three 1005 01:10:57,128 --> 01:11:02,842 will go home, and go later. 1006 01:11:02,884 --> 01:11:06,470 And what he really said was, "Your call", you know. 1007 01:11:06,512 --> 01:11:08,347 I say, "Okay, this is your job. 1008 01:11:08,389 --> 01:11:12,060 You know, that's what you know better than me, 1009 01:11:08,389 --> 01:11:12,060 how to do it. hammer, 1010 01:11:12,102 --> 01:11:16,022 or the pressure to make a bad decision, 1011 01:11:16,064 --> 01:11:19,776 so you make good... 1012 01:11:19,817 --> 01:11:21,444 and I will accept it. Okay, so we... let's go for TLI. 1013 01:11:22,695 --> 01:11:25,156 1014 01:11:25,198 --> 01:11:28,785 1015 01:11:28,826 --> 01:11:32,747 1016 01:11:32,789 --> 01:11:35,458 So here we go. 1017 01:11:35,499 --> 01:11:41,672 And, you know, the mission after that 1018 01:11:35,499 --> 01:11:41,672 one of the cleanest we have ever had. 1019 01:11:52,516 --> 01:11:55,436 And we have a party, I remember that. 1020 01:12:03,527 --> 01:12:05,863 After spraying, 1021 01:12:05,905 --> 01:12:08,616 we will go to & apos; The Singing Wheel & apos; and all drink beer together. 1022 01:12:08,658 --> 01:12:11,035 We will party and have fun. 1023 01:12:14,289 --> 01:12:16,916 Splashdown is, uh, 1024 01:12:16,958 --> 01:12:22,713 lots of jokes both back and forth with other disciplines. 1025 01:12:22,755 --> 01:12:25,967 Like, you know, "Wow, you really messed up this one today". 1026 01:12:26,009 --> 01:12:29,720 That eyeball goes to the eyeball, points the finger and shakes each other. 1027 01:12:29,762 --> 01:12:33,766 You don't pull a punch, but everyone is a friend. 1028 01:12:31,472 --> 01:12:33,766 There is no doubt about that. 1029 01:12:33,808 --> 01:12:35,643 I mean, we're all together. 1030 01:12:42,692 --> 01:12:44,861 Drink lots of beer. 1031 01:12:44,902 --> 01:12:47,363 It was really a great time. 1032 01:12:49,365 --> 01:12:51,617 Make us a better team for that, I think. 1033 01:13:18,895 --> 01:13:20,688 I arrived at the Control Center 1034 01:13:20,730 --> 01:13:24,025 and I was scheduled to move one hour later. 1035 01:13:24,067 --> 01:13:26,236 Uh, everything seems to work well. 1036 01:13:44,254 --> 01:13:48,091 Usually, the last hour of the eight hour shift, 1037 01:13:48,132 --> 01:13:50,843 we will prepare the crew for their sleep period. 1038 01:13:50,885 --> 01:13:55,056 And there are certain things that are we are on the checklist that must be done. 1039 01:13:55,098 --> 01:13:59,476 One item is stirring cryos, oxygen and hydrogen. 1040 01:13:59,518 --> 01:14:01,520 Start EECOM. 1041 01:14:01,562 --> 01:14:03,106 Please, COM. 1042 01:14:03,147 --> 01:14:05,942 You got your stir now on O2? 1043 01:14:05,983 --> 01:14:07,985 So we move cryos. 1044 01:14:10,113 --> 01:14:12,323 And all hell breaks out. 1045 01:14:14,658 --> 01:14:16,660 What's with the data, EECOM? 1046 01:14:16,702 --> 01:14:18,704 We have more problems. 1047 01:14:18,746 --> 01:14:20,373 Okay, listen, listen, you guys We have lost, uh, one fuel cell and two pressures. 1048 01:14:20,415 --> 01:14:23,876 We lose the pressure of 2 O2 tanks. 1049 01:14:23,918 --> 01:14:26,212 1050 01:14:26,254 --> 01:14:27,797 GNC, do you want to see it? 1051 01:14:29,966 --> 01:14:32,176 Good. Be alert, they have a problem. 1052 01:14:32,218 --> 01:14:34,553 Basically, I have a lot of problems reported to me. 1053 01:14:34,595 --> 01:14:36,639 I wonder which one he is talking about. 1054 01:14:45,022 --> 01:14:46,941 I enter and re-install it. 1055 01:14:46,983 --> 01:14:49,444 Sit next to Gene. 1056 01:14:49,485 --> 01:14:53,030 The first reaction is, well, see maybe we have an electrical problem here 1057 01:14:53,072 --> 01:14:56,909 and that affects telemetry and instrumentation. 1058 01:14:56,951 --> 01:14:59,703 You see an undervolt AC bus there, EECOM? 1059 01:14:59,745 --> 01:15:01,122 Negative, Flight. 1060 01:15:01,164 --> 01:15:02,915 We may have instrumentation problems, Flight. 1061 01:15:02,957 --> 01:15:04,167 Rog. 1062 01:15:04,208 --> 01:15:05,228 I say, 1063 01:15:05,328 --> 01:15:11,548 I think we already have flight instrumentation problems and that is probably the most underestimated 1064 01:15:11,590 --> 01:15:13,009 in the history of manned space flight. 1065 01:15:13,050 --> 01:15:16,137 I mean, I can't be more wrong. 1066 01:15:16,179 --> 01:15:18,639 Well, let's get some recommendations here, Sy, 1067 01:15:18,681 --> 01:15:20,266 if you have a better idea. 1068 01:15:22,893 --> 01:15:27,940 Naturally, I'm a little panicked. 1069 01:15:27,982 --> 01:15:31,652 You know, when you start to panic, this gap appears in your throat 1070 01:15:31,694 --> 01:15:35,531 where you get to the point of a fight or flight, 1071 01:15:35,572 --> 01:15:38,868 and a quick thought to wake up and go back and forth through my mind, 1072 01:15:38,909 --> 01:15:43,664 and of course, that's not an option and I know that. 1073 01:15:45,958 --> 01:15:48,044 Can we review our status here, Sy, 1074 01:15:48,085 --> 01:15:50,587 and see what we get from a status standpoint? 1075 01:15:50,629 --> 01:15:52,798 Do you think what we have on the spaceship is good? 1076 01:15:54,008 --> 01:15:56,427 Stand by, Flight. 1077 01:15:56,469 --> 01:15:58,595 So, and then when I settle down, 1078 01:15:58,637 --> 01:15:59,687 I say, 1079 01:15:59,787 --> 01:16:05,228 You know, it really appeared we were completely gone two fuel cells and I really don't know why. 1080 01:16:10,607 --> 01:16:12,151 We don't know what happened. 1081 01:16:13,652 --> 01:16:15,863 Not until I look out the window... 1082 01:16:17,114 --> 01:16:19,700 that I realize how serious we are. 1083 01:16:33,839 --> 01:16:36,633 When I see oxygen being released, 1084 01:16:36,675 --> 01:16:40,346 I realize it's not just oxygen 1085 01:16:40,388 --> 01:16:43,266 but electric power and propulsion system. 1086 01:16:49,188 --> 01:16:52,775 It starts at dawn at the Control Center 1087 01:16:52,816 --> 01:16:58,822 that maybe this is a real problem we get here and, uh, it won't disappear. 1088 01:17:00,783 --> 01:17:03,411 Uh, Flight, we will reach 100 PSI 1089 01:17:03,453 --> 01:17:05,496 in and hour and 54 minutes. 1090 01:17:07,248 --> 01:17:10,251 That was finally there. 1091 01:17:10,293 --> 01:17:15,965 And that's where, basically, my mindset turns into a survival mode. 1092 01:17:16,006 --> 01:17:17,841 I call my controller and say, 1093 01:17:17,883 --> 01:17:20,010 Okay, all flight controllers, stay, stop guessing you. 1094 01:17:20,052 --> 01:17:21,637 Let's start working on this problem. 1095 01:17:23,347 --> 01:17:26,642 Okay, now, let's keep everything calm. 1096 01:17:26,683 --> 01:17:28,436 Let's make sure that we don't do anything 1097 01:17:28,478 --> 01:17:31,855 it will blow up our electricity with batteries 1098 01:17:31,897 --> 01:17:34,817 or that will cause us to lose fuel cell number two. 1099 01:17:37,820 --> 01:17:40,781 We have a command module system, 1100 01:17:40,823 --> 01:17:44,118 so we are in good condition if we need to go home. 1101 01:17:44,160 --> 01:17:48,289 Let's solve the problem but don't make it worse by guessing. 1102 01:17:51,917 --> 01:17:54,086 This is a bulletin from ABC News. 1103 01:17:54,128 --> 01:17:58,424 Apollo 13 spacecraft has serious power supply malfunctions 1104 01:17:58,466 --> 01:18:01,636 which can cause the lunar landing mission to be stopped early. 1105 01:18:06,265 --> 01:18:09,101 You know, we all go in 1106 01:18:09,143 --> 01:18:10,811 to do what we can help. 1107 01:18:10,853 --> 01:18:15,358 People come from anywhere, across the country. 1108 01:18:15,399 --> 01:18:21,030 When I arrived there, of course, I went to the back room, it was chaos. 1109 01:18:21,071 --> 01:18:24,241 They are still trying to recover their sanity from what has happened, 1110 01:18:24,283 --> 01:18:27,578 and they start to regroup. 1111 01:18:27,620 --> 01:18:29,788 I didn't use a headset at first. 1112 01:18:29,830 --> 01:18:32,375 I just walked behind the console 1113 01:18:32,416 --> 01:18:36,379 and listen to it by way of voice, what problems they do. 1114 01:18:36,420 --> 01:18:39,340 That damn room is seriously confused. 1115 01:18:41,425 --> 01:18:44,803 And it takes a while to come that conclusion, but it's true. 1116 01:18:49,141 --> 01:18:53,437 That failure, long enough during that time period, 1117 01:18:53,479 --> 01:18:55,481 may not be an option, 1118 01:18:55,523 --> 01:18:59,860 but out there lurking, uh, in the dark sky. 1119 01:18:59,902 --> 01:19:04,990 That's just... it almost makes us make mistakes. 1120 01:19:15,167 --> 01:19:18,212 They slowly lose electrical power, 1121 01:19:18,254 --> 01:19:21,882 and it won't be long until all the fuel cells are offline, so now we are using batteries. 1122 01:19:25,844 --> 01:19:28,389 I walk and sit next to EECOM. 1123 01:19:28,431 --> 01:19:30,933 Sy Liebergot, he was there, I said, 1124 01:19:30,974 --> 01:19:35,020 Sy, this problem, you will not fix this one. 1125 01:19:37,022 --> 01:19:39,400 So I said, "You have to turn off the Command Module". 1126 01:19:42,737 --> 01:19:45,406 And you can imagine the reluctance to do that. 1127 01:19:45,448 --> 01:19:46,699 Flight, EECOM. 1128 01:19:46,741 --> 01:19:48,618 Please, EECOM. 1129 01:19:48,659 --> 01:19:51,203 The pressure in the O2 1 tank drops to 297. 1130 01:19:51,245 --> 01:19:54,039 We better think about going into LM, or using an LM system. 1131 01:19:59,211 --> 01:20:01,672 We are in serious, serious problems, 1132 01:20:01,714 --> 01:20:06,552 and the only way we can save ourselves 1133 01:20:06,594 --> 01:20:08,345 is using the Lunar Module. 1134 01:20:19,315 --> 01:20:21,942 Usually, when you go to the moon, 1135 01:20:21,984 --> 01:20:26,822 You can turn and burn a large engine straight to Earth and back. 1136 01:20:26,863 --> 01:20:29,825 However, the big engine has a big problem there and we don't know how bad it is. 1137 01:20:29,866 --> 01:20:31,285 We really can do big burns 1138 01:20:31,327 --> 01:20:34,079 1139 01:20:34,121 --> 01:20:37,500 with a descent machine at the Lunar Module. 1140 01:20:37,541 --> 01:20:40,711 There is no longer to go around the moon. 1141 01:20:40,753 --> 01:20:43,714 So my input is let's go back for free. 1142 01:20:53,223 --> 01:20:55,351 This is Apollo Control, Houston, 1143 01:20:55,392 --> 01:20:59,896 here at Mission Control, we are looking for... now looking towards alternative missions. 1144 01:20:59,938 --> 01:21:05,653 Swinging around the moon and using the Lunar Module power system, 1145 01:21:05,695 --> 01:21:08,864 because of the situation that has developed here tonight. 1146 01:21:11,867 --> 01:21:15,996 I have to maneuver to get back to attitude 1147 01:21:16,038 --> 01:21:17,707 the Mission Control knows. 1148 01:21:19,082 --> 01:21:22,169 And there I learned something very important, 1149 01:21:22,211 --> 01:21:26,590 because the Lunar Module has never been designed 1150 01:21:26,632 --> 01:21:33,430 to maneuver with the Command Service Module 1151 01:21:26,632 --> 01:21:33,430 attached. 1152 01:21:33,472 --> 01:21:37,059 So I really have to learn, in a short time, 1153 01:21:37,100 --> 01:21:39,812 how to maneuver a spaceship, 1154 01:21:39,854 --> 01:21:44,358 but I have that technique, firing the Lunar Module engine, 1155 01:21:44,400 --> 01:21:47,653 and that returns us to the free return path. 1156 01:22:00,791 --> 01:22:04,002 We are about 70 hours from home, 1157 01:22:04,044 --> 01:22:08,131 and we have plans to carry out the rest of the mission, 1158 01:22:08,173 --> 01:22:12,177 but there will be no relaxation at all 1159 01:22:12,219 --> 01:22:14,722 so far, from now until splash. 1160 01:22:14,764 --> 01:22:20,269 I don't appreciate how many reactions we get 1161 01:22:20,310 --> 01:22:22,271 from the outside world. 1162 01:22:22,312 --> 01:22:28,151 It doesn't sink to me until later how everyone seems to feel connected 1163 01:22:28,193 --> 01:22:30,195 with these three people. 1164 01:22:30,237 --> 01:22:33,449 Uh, you know, they aren't even 1165 01:22:30,237 --> 01:22:33,449 get to know them, don't know their names or anything, 1166 01:22:33,490 --> 01:22:38,370 but the whole world seems to unite 1167 01:22:38,412 --> 01:22:41,498 in this interesting to come well. 1168 01:22:41,540 --> 01:22:44,126 The situation is very critical 1169 01:22:44,167 --> 01:22:45,961 and we monitor it at any time. 1170 01:22:46,002 --> 01:22:48,380 We will return with another report at 12.30 1171 01:22:48,422 --> 01:22:51,508 and then you can see a complete analysis what happened at 1:00. 1172 01:22:59,809 --> 01:23:01,435 We all smoke. 1173 01:23:03,145 --> 01:23:07,316 And when I say smoking, we actually smoke. 1174 01:23:07,357 --> 01:23:09,777 When you enter the Control Room, you come at the side door, 1175 01:23:09,819 --> 01:23:11,779 and when you open the door, 1176 01:23:11,821 --> 01:23:13,697 smoke clouds coming out of the door. 1177 01:23:13,739 --> 01:23:15,407 That's how much smoke there is. 1178 01:23:17,910 --> 01:23:22,623 Apollo 13 issues some very interesting things 1179 01:23:22,665 --> 01:23:26,293 because it's not like you were cleaned and dressed to come to work 1180 01:23:26,335 --> 01:23:27,878 and wear your clothes and your shirt 1181 01:23:27,920 --> 01:23:31,089 and brush your teeth, and use your armpit deodorant, 1182 01:23:31,131 --> 01:23:32,967 You run, right. 1183 01:23:33,008 --> 01:23:36,345 We were there for 35 hours... straight. 1184 01:23:36,386 --> 01:23:40,140 I think I wear the same clothes at least three or four, five days. 1185 01:23:40,182 --> 01:23:42,685 I sleep in SSR on the floor. 1186 01:23:44,102 --> 01:23:46,062 I was under the table at that time. 1187 01:23:46,104 --> 01:23:48,524 That's quite mature. 1188 01:23:48,565 --> 01:23:51,735 Sleep doesn't mean anything, shift changes don't mean anything, 1189 01:23:51,777 --> 01:23:53,946 personal problems don't mean anything. 1190 01:23:53,988 --> 01:23:57,240 There is only one thing for 48 hours... 1191 01:23:57,282 --> 01:24:02,538 that whole team of people, led by Mission Control, 1192 01:24:02,579 --> 01:24:06,208 those people cannot solve their problems in space. 1193 01:24:06,249 --> 01:24:09,336 There is only one thing on their mind, 1194 01:24:11,005 --> 01:24:13,716 to bring them home. 1195 01:24:13,757 --> 01:24:15,592 We have been trained to think, 1196 01:24:15,634 --> 01:24:19,054 Never give up as long as you have a choice. 1197 01:24:19,095 --> 01:24:20,556 And we never run out of choices. 1198 01:24:20,597 --> 01:24:22,975 The team doesn't stop. 1199 01:24:23,017 --> 01:24:27,062 Along the way back, people continue to create new things, 1200 01:24:27,103 --> 01:24:29,690 new innovations and new ways to do things. 1201 01:24:31,901 --> 01:24:37,197 This question has this extraordinary ability 1202 01:24:37,239 --> 01:24:40,367 basically makes sense from things 1203 01:24:40,409 --> 01:24:42,995 which is almost beyond our understanding, 1204 01:24:43,037 --> 01:24:46,999 and find the section where we can start 1205 01:24:43,037 --> 01:24:46,999 match them together 1206 01:24:47,041 --> 01:24:48,876 and start pulling back on this puzzle. 1207 01:24:57,384 --> 01:25:01,179 I can see Earth starting o getting bigger and bigger, 1208 01:25:01,221 --> 01:25:05,559 realize that we must have instructions 1209 01:25:05,601 --> 01:25:09,688 the best way to turn on the Command Module. 1210 01:25:11,523 --> 01:25:14,693 So I kept asking, very politely at that time, 1211 01:25:14,735 --> 01:25:16,946 "Do you have that instruction?" 1212 01:25:16,987 --> 01:25:20,282 And they said, "We are working on it, we are working on it". 1213 01:25:21,951 --> 01:25:24,119 Original power-up document 1214 01:25:24,160 --> 01:25:28,874 starting with John Aaron and me on the board. 1215 01:25:28,916 --> 01:25:32,502 We kinda draw a few things on the board, some rough ideas, 1216 01:25:32,544 --> 01:25:35,798 that is the beginning of the document. 1217 01:25:35,839 --> 01:25:40,010 Basically I know what equipment you have to do certain functions. 1218 01:25:40,052 --> 01:25:42,137 It then starts the whole process 1219 01:25:42,178 --> 01:25:46,308 how to build all the details of the switches and circuit breakers, 1220 01:25:46,349 --> 01:25:48,560 what order should you do in this case, 1221 01:25:48,602 --> 01:25:50,145 and it's all very solid. 1222 01:25:50,186 --> 01:25:52,856 From there it just started to grow, 1223 01:25:52,898 --> 01:25:59,113 and people will begin to enter their share of their territory, their territory. 1224 01:25:59,154 --> 01:26:02,449 And one organization wants this. 1225 01:26:02,491 --> 01:26:04,576 Well, it must go back to the document, 1226 01:26:04,618 --> 01:26:06,120 and actually through John and I say, 1227 01:26:06,161 --> 01:26:10,290 "Hey, can we do that wisely?" 1228 01:26:10,332 --> 01:26:13,919 And we do all the bugs, all procedures, 1229 01:26:13,961 --> 01:26:18,090 and the last document, of course, then approved and read by the crew. 1230 01:26:20,134 --> 01:26:22,552 Tomorrow morning, East time, 1231 01:26:22,594 --> 01:26:25,597 Spacecraft will approach Earth like this. 1232 01:26:25,639 --> 01:26:27,641 This is how it looks now. 1233 01:26:27,683 --> 01:26:31,103 About five hours before reaching the Earth's atmosphere, 1234 01:26:31,145 --> 01:26:35,315 the people in the Command Module will throw this part here 1235 01:26:35,357 --> 01:26:37,026 is called Command... Service Module, 1236 01:26:37,067 --> 01:26:39,153 and it will drift in space. 1237 01:26:39,194 --> 01:26:41,905 That will leave two parts of this spaceship, 1238 01:26:41,947 --> 01:26:45,492 LM here and Command Module here. 1239 01:27:08,807 --> 01:27:11,476 I don't remember saying, "Hey, guys, we've done it", 1240 01:27:11,518 --> 01:27:14,270 because we haven't, okay. 1241 01:27:14,312 --> 01:27:17,191 There are still many variables involved 1242 01:27:17,232 --> 01:27:20,986 that, you know, I just hope what we do is right. 1243 01:27:21,028 --> 01:27:26,324 We don't know whether the explosion , which we now know has happened, 1244 01:27:27,868 --> 01:27:31,246 what is the overall effect on the Command Module. 1245 01:27:33,082 --> 01:27:36,459 We don't know whether the heat shield has been damaged or anything, 1246 01:27:36,501 --> 01:27:42,549 and have everything we have done to save the crew who will work. 1247 01:28:22,422 --> 01:28:25,968 Well, on all flights back, 1248 01:28:26,009 --> 01:28:27,636 we have what we call "blackouts". 1249 01:28:32,348 --> 01:28:35,811 There are periods where they die 1250 01:28:35,852 --> 01:28:38,438 because of ionization, heat. 1251 01:28:38,480 --> 01:28:40,107 And you can't communicate through it. 1252 01:28:40,149 --> 01:28:42,151 So they can't talk to you and you can't talk to them. 1253 01:28:46,947 --> 01:28:48,907 At this stage in the space program, 1254 01:28:48,949 --> 01:28:53,912 we can calculate when the blackout will start and when it will end in a second, 1255 01:28:53,954 --> 01:28:55,122 and we never miss it. 1256 01:28:55,164 --> 01:28:58,333 Well, in this case, it starts on time, 1257 01:28:58,374 --> 01:29:02,212 and then when the time comes to get out, 1258 01:29:02,254 --> 01:29:04,256 uh, that doesn't happen. 1259 01:29:13,015 --> 01:29:15,851 You know I started thinking, "Oh, my God", you know, 1260 01:29:15,892 --> 01:29:19,771 here we have done all these things to bring them back home, 1261 01:29:19,813 --> 01:29:23,942 and, uh, something happened to the heat shield. 1262 01:29:23,984 --> 01:29:28,113 The mind passes my mind at that moment, "They go". 1263 01:29:28,155 --> 01:29:31,616 There are concerns related to the management chain there 1264 01:29:31,658 --> 01:29:33,493 buzzing around that we might have broken 1265 01:29:33,535 --> 01:29:35,245 heat shield or all that sort of thing, 1266 01:29:35,287 --> 01:29:36,788 and that's to the point where I just... 1267 01:29:36,830 --> 01:29:38,414 And I think this is true for every controller. 1268 01:29:38,456 --> 01:29:41,793 You throw your mind out of those things You have no control over. 1269 01:29:41,835 --> 01:29:44,129 Don't worry about them, that's a game break. 1270 01:29:44,171 --> 01:29:46,006 Then, yes. 1271 01:29:55,515 --> 01:29:57,684 So we sat there and we sat there and we sat there, 1272 01:29:57,726 --> 01:30:00,478 and I forget how long it's actually been too late. 1273 01:30:00,520 --> 01:30:03,732 CAPCOM, why don't you try and give them a call? 1274 01:30:06,484 --> 01:30:09,529 And suddenly, we got news from a short range plane 1275 01:30:09,571 --> 01:30:11,823 that ARIA has acquired a signal. 1276 01:30:11,865 --> 01:30:13,158 Bang! 1277 01:30:13,200 --> 01:30:16,203 We almost all fell from our seats. 1278 01:30:16,245 --> 01:30:18,454 Suddenly, it comes alive. 1279 01:30:23,835 --> 01:30:27,130 And then the mother ship reports radar contact. 1280 01:30:27,172 --> 01:30:29,174 then they report a sonic explosion and we say, 1281 01:30:29,216 --> 01:30:32,468 "Boys, we reenter the sucker". 1282 01:30:34,596 --> 01:30:35,764 The crew is talking. 1283 01:30:35,805 --> 01:30:38,934 Relieve, uh, that they're fine. 1284 01:30:38,975 --> 01:30:42,645 And then after we get contact, we hear from them, 1285 01:30:42,687 --> 01:30:44,480 it goes to pure joy. 1286 01:31:02,749 --> 01:31:06,753 And there is a display of this television camera 1287 01:31:06,795 --> 01:31:10,173 look at the spaceship 1288 01:31:10,215 --> 01:31:12,884 from the deck of the aircraft carrier, 1289 01:31:12,926 --> 01:31:17,889 and there are three old big balloons. 1290 01:31:20,142 --> 01:31:23,145 You know, the most beautiful sight I've ever seen. 1291 01:31:54,217 --> 01:31:57,679 The key is until the crew is on the deck of the carrier 1292 01:31:57,720 --> 01:32:00,974 and we submit the responsibility of Mission Control 1293 01:32:01,016 --> 01:32:03,810 to the commander of the aircraft carrier task force, 1294 01:32:03,852 --> 01:32:05,519 and when it's finished, 1295 01:32:05,561 --> 01:32:07,897 then we can start our celebration. 1296 01:32:07,939 --> 01:32:10,150 Here they are. 1297 01:32:10,192 --> 01:32:13,362 James Lovell, John Swigert, and Fred Haise. 1298 01:32:13,403 --> 01:32:17,324 And celebrations are always in three phases. 1299 01:32:17,366 --> 01:32:19,284 We turn on ceremonial ceremon, 1300 01:32:19,326 --> 01:32:21,370 You pass the object on along the line. 1301 01:32:23,205 --> 01:32:25,123 And now you open the Control Room door 1302 01:32:25,165 --> 01:32:27,959 and our back room controller can enter and join us. 1303 01:32:28,001 --> 01:32:30,045 They are true heroes of 13 1304 01:32:30,086 --> 01:32:32,714 because they are the ones who give... They are the people who gave us answers. 1305 01:32:32,755 --> 01:32:35,133 And the third phase in celebration 1306 01:32:35,175 --> 01:32:37,219 fainting the American flag to each controller, 1307 01:32:37,260 --> 01:32:40,430 and this is one that Jerry Bostick has traditionally started, 1308 01:32:40,472 --> 01:32:44,017 back when we set our first space flight record as an American 1309 01:32:44,059 --> 01:32:46,061 and bring together two spaceships. 1310 01:32:47,979 --> 01:32:51,858 So the end of the mission is, is one of total fatigue, 1311 01:32:51,900 --> 01:32:55,404 total achievement, total excitement... 1312 01:32:55,445 --> 01:32:57,531 yes, our crew is at home. 1313 01:32:57,571 --> 01:33:00,325 They are safe and we do what we do. 1314 01:33:30,730 --> 01:33:35,151 After a flight, in discussions with control people, 1315 01:33:35,193 --> 01:33:36,213 I say, 1316 01:33:36,313 --> 01:33:44,202 Well, we thought we deliberately didn't talk to you... so it might be a good movie these days. 1317 01:34:01,761 --> 01:34:05,557 Three, two, one, ignition. 1318 01:34:05,599 --> 01:34:07,309 We are on our way, Houston. 1319 01:34:46,139 --> 01:34:48,016 After the fire of Apollo 1, 1320 01:34:48,057 --> 01:34:53,855 "tough and competent" to be spells from the flight control team. 1321 01:34:53,896 --> 01:34:59,444 They are still the core of the principles and the foundation we live in. 1322 01:34:59,486 --> 01:35:02,780 Uh, I don't think it's reduced at all. 1323 01:35:02,822 --> 01:35:05,867 Guys, you can start opening your cuff checklist to page seven. 1324 01:35:05,908 --> 01:35:07,118 We are in the case of termination. 1325 01:35:07,160 --> 01:35:08,828 Our top priority is always 1326 01:35:08,870 --> 01:35:11,747 crew safety, vehicle safety, mission success. 1327 01:35:11,789 --> 01:35:13,833 And that doesn't change, 1328 01:35:13,875 --> 01:35:17,379 but what is called "mission success" means changing from time to time. 1329 01:35:18,796 --> 01:35:21,841 Those people who fly the initial mission, 1330 01:35:21,883 --> 01:35:23,051 they set standards. 1331 01:35:23,092 --> 01:35:25,928 They go through fire for us, 1332 01:35:25,970 --> 01:35:31,560 um, and we try to live up to, excellence 1333 01:35:31,601 --> 01:35:33,978 they show every day. 1334 01:35:50,953 --> 01:35:52,788 It's amazing. 1335 01:35:52,830 --> 01:35:56,876 I think it's amazing that we are not only able to do it technically, 1336 01:35:56,918 --> 01:35:58,794 but the country let us do it, 1337 01:35:58,836 --> 01:36:03,633 public and congress and leadership and the White House. 1338 01:36:03,675 --> 01:36:06,636 Everything collides and marches properly. 1339 01:36:16,521 --> 01:36:19,524 I have a feeling of what it means, 1340 01:36:19,566 --> 01:36:21,401 You know, we are making history. 1341 01:36:21,443 --> 01:36:23,528 I think we all do it. 1342 01:36:23,570 --> 01:36:29,743 And realizing that, there is a sense of pride in what we do, 1343 01:36:23,570 --> 01:36:29,743 and a feeling of great gratitude I happened to stumble into it at the right time. 1344 01:36:29,783 --> 01:36:34,830 That is only a golden opportunity to be part of it. 1345 01:36:36,249 --> 01:36:39,628 Somehow, when we get together, 1346 01:36:43,839 --> 01:36:46,800 we are bigger than our number. 1347 01:36:46,842 --> 01:36:49,803 We become capable 1348 01:36:52,014 --> 01:36:54,850 do what, in many cases, will be considered impossible. 1349 01:36:54,892 --> 01:37:00,315 We are better than we expected. 1350 01:37:00,356 --> 01:37:03,443 We are more successful than we expected. 1351 01:37:03,485 --> 01:37:06,488 And really, except bad accidents 1352 01:37:06,529 --> 01:37:09,699 on the launch pad, 1353 01:37:06,529 --> 01:37:09,699 we bring every house crew. 1354 01:37:09,741 --> 01:37:12,201 We are astronauts, 1355 01:37:15,163 --> 01:37:16,623 we always tip the arrow, 1356 01:37:16,665 --> 01:37:19,501 but Mission Control like feathers. 1357 01:37:19,542 --> 01:37:24,964 They direct us in the right direction. 1358 01:37:25,006 --> 01:37:28,926 1359 01:37:28,968 --> 01:37:32,930 They make sure we will get it where do we want to go 1360 01:37:32,972 --> 01:37:36,559 and go home safely. 1361 01:37:40,021 --> 01:37:43,941 I am only proud of the people involved. 1362 01:37:45,276 --> 01:37:47,278 They never let me down. 1363 01:37:47,320 --> 01:37:49,739 They never disappoint the system, they never disappoint NASA, 1364 01:37:49,781 --> 01:37:51,741 they never let the country fall. 1365 01:37:51,783 --> 01:37:56,412 And if you are looking for patriots, they are them. 1366 01:37:59,081 --> 01:38:00,458 Submitted by: www.subtitlecinema.com